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Associations between community-level disaster exposure and individual-level changes in disability and risk of death for older Americans

Author

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  • Brilleman, Samuel L.
  • Wolfe, Rory
  • Moreno-Betancur, Margarita
  • Sales, Anne E.
  • Langa, Kenneth M.
  • Li, Yun
  • Daugherty Biddison, Elizabeth L.
  • Rubinson, Lewis
  • Iwashyna, Theodore J.

Abstract

Disasters occur frequently in the United States (US) and their impact on acute morbidity, mortality and short-term increased health needs has been well described. However, barring mental health, little is known about the medium or longer-term health impacts of disasters. This study sought to determine if there is an association between community-level disaster exposure and individual-level changes in disability and/or the risk of death for older Americans. Using the US Federal Emergency Management Agency's database of disaster declarations, 602 disasters occurred between August 1998 and December 2010 and were characterized by their presence, intensity, duration and type. Repeated measurements of a disability score (based on activities of daily living) and dates of death were observed between January 2000 and November 2010 for 18,102 American individuals aged 50–89 years, who were participating in the national longitudinal Health and Retirement Study. Longitudinal (disability) and time-to-event (death) data were modelled simultaneously using a ‘joint modelling’ approach. There was no evidence of an association between community-level disaster exposure and individual-level changes in disability or the risk of death. Our results suggest that future research should focus on individual-level disaster exposures, moderate to severe disaster events, or higher-risk groups of individuals.

Suggested Citation

  • Brilleman, Samuel L. & Wolfe, Rory & Moreno-Betancur, Margarita & Sales, Anne E. & Langa, Kenneth M. & Li, Yun & Daugherty Biddison, Elizabeth L. & Rubinson, Lewis & Iwashyna, Theodore J., 2017. "Associations between community-level disaster exposure and individual-level changes in disability and risk of death for older Americans," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 118-125.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:173:y:2017:i:c:p:118-125
    DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.12.007
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Shin, Su Hyun & Ji, Hyunjung, 2021. "Health risks of natural hazards and resilience resources: Evidence from a U.S. nationwide longitudinal study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 281(C).
    2. Jianfang Shao & Changyong Liang & Xihui Wang & Xiang Wang & Liang Liang, 2020. "Relief Demand Calculation in Humanitarian Logistics Using Material Classification," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-25, January.
    3. Sands, Laura P. & Do, Quyen & Du, Pang & Xu, Yunnan & Pruchno, Rachel, 2022. "Long term impact of Hurricane Sandy on hospital admissions of older adults," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 293(C).
    4. Wilson-Genderson, Maureen & Heid, Allison R. & Pruchno, Rachel, 2018. "Long-term effects of disaster on depressive symptoms: Type of exposure matters," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 217(C), pages 84-91.

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