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On hydrogen and hydrogen energy strategies II: future projections affecting global stability and unrest

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  • Midilli, A.
  • Ay, M.
  • Dincer, I.
  • Rosen, M. A.

Abstract

This article focuses on hydrogen energy strategies and discusses the key role of hydrogen as an energy carrier in this century and beyond. Two important empirical relations that describe the effects of fossil fuels on world peace and global unrest are developed. These relations incorporate predicted utilization ratios for hydrogen energy from non-fossil fuels, and are used to investigate whether hydrogen utilization can reduce the negative global effects related to fossil fuel use, eliminate or reduce the possibilities of global energy conflicts, and contribute to achieving world peace and stability. Consequently, the highest levels of global peace and global unrest can be estimated. If hydrogen use from non-fossil fuels increases, for a fixed usage of petroleum, coal and natural gas, the level of global unrest decreases. However, if the utilization ratio of hydrogen energy from non-fossil fuels is lower than 100%, the level of global peace decreases as the symptoms of global unrest increase. Thus, to reduce the causes of global unrest and increase the likelihood of global peace in the future, it is suggested that hydrogen energy be widely and efficiently used as part of sustainable technologies and systems. It is expected that the results of this study will be of use to decision makers and scholars who want to develop and promote the use of hydrogen-based technologies and solve future energy and environment related problems globally.

Suggested Citation

  • Midilli, A. & Ay, M. & Dincer, I. & Rosen, M. A., 2005. "On hydrogen and hydrogen energy strategies II: future projections affecting global stability and unrest," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 9(3), pages 273-287, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:9:y:2005:i:3:p:273-287
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rosen, M.A., 1996. "Thermodynamic investigation and comparison of selected production processes for hydrogen and hydrogen-derived fuels," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 21(12), pages 1079-1094.
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    Cited by:

    1. Lewandowska-Bernat, Anna & Desideri, Umberto, 2018. "Opportunities of power-to-gas technology in different energy systems architectures," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 57-67.
    2. Hamdani, Khathir & Smaili, Arezki & Sari, Osmann, 2020. "Numerical simulation of hydrogen active magnetic regenerative liquefier," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 487-499.
    3. Fayaz, H. & Saidur, R. & Razali, N. & Anuar, F.S. & Saleman, A.R. & Islam, M.R., 2012. "An overview of hydrogen as a vehicle fuel," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(8), pages 5511-5528.
    4. Valdés, R. & Lucio, J.H. & Rodríguez, L.R., 2013. "Operational simulation of wind power plants for electrolytic hydrogen production connected to a distributed electricity generation grid," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 249-257.
    5. Ermis, K. & Midilli, A. & Dincer, I. & Rosen, M.A., 2007. "Artificial neural network analysis of world green energy use," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(3), pages 1731-1743, March.
    6. Mirza, Umar K. & Ahmad, Nasir & Harijan, Khanji & Majeed, Tariq, 2009. "A vision for hydrogen economy in Pakistan," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 13(5), pages 1111-1115, June.
    7. Liu, P.F. & Chu, J.K. & Hou, S.J. & Xu, P. & Zheng, J.Y., 2012. "Numerical simulation and optimal design for composite high-pressure hydrogen storage vessel: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(4), pages 1817-1827.
    8. Aydın, Hakan & Turan, Önder & Karakoç, T. Hikmet & Midilli, Adnan, 2013. "Exergo-sustainability indicators of a turboprop aircraft for the phases of a flight," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 550-560.
    9. Pudukudy, Manoj & Yaakob, Zahira & Mohammad, Masita & Narayanan, Binitha & Sopian, Kamaruzzaman, 2014. "Renewable hydrogen economy in Asia – Opportunities and challenges: An overview," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 743-757.
    10. Hassan, I.A. & Ramadan, Haitham S. & Saleh, Mohamed A. & Hissel, Daniel, 2021. "Hydrogen storage technologies for stationary and mobile applications: Review, analysis and perspectives," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    11. Sharma, Sunita & Ghoshal, Sib Krishna, 2015. "Hydrogen the future transportation fuel: From production to applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 1151-1158.
    12. Raluca-Andreea Felseghi & Elena Carcadea & Maria Simona Raboaca & Cătălin Nicolae TRUFIN & Constantin Filote, 2019. "Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technology for the Sustainable Future of Stationary Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-28, December.

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