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Microalgal attachment and attached systems for biomass production and wastewater treatment

Author

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  • Wang, Jing-Han
  • Zhuang, Lin-Lan
  • Xu, Xue-Qiao
  • Deantes-Espinosa, Victor M.
  • Wang, Xiao-Xiong
  • Hu, Hong-Ying

Abstract

Microalgae are promising feedstocks for food, feed, fuel, fertilizers, fine chemicals and other value-added products, and are considered of great potential in wastewater treatment. Convenient acquisition of the cultivated microalgal biomass or easy separation of microalgae from the treated effluents, however, are the prerequisites of these applications. Biomass harvesting and dewatering in traditional suspended cultivation systems are costly and energy intensive, since volumes of liquid medium needs to be separated from the obtained diluted microalgal biomass. Attached systems can effectively overcome such limitations by introducing substratum into the liquid medium for microalgae attachment, and the attached biomass with magnitudes higher solid content can be collected via simple and straightforward harvesting methods such as mechanical scraping. As an emerging field with less than ten years of research history, systematic information on microalgae attachment and attached systems for biomass production and wastewater treatment has not been thoroughly reviewed. This review, therefore, analyzed the two-step mechanisms of microalgae attachment, discussed the influencing factors of attached microalgal growth including properties of substratum, properties of microalgal cells, turbulence of liquid medium, frequency of biomass harvesting, etc., and their possible impacts on microalgal biofilm formation and biomass production in attached systems. Classification of attached microalgal systems based on different criteria such as substratum orientation, relative position of microalgal cells and the culturing medium, system scales and culturing medium, was summarized. Performances of attached microalgal systems for biomass production and wastewater treatment were evaluated, with commonly used parameters identified and compared as well. Recommendations for future theoretical research and practical applications were also addressed in the manuscript. This review could offer much useful information on microalgal attachment and attached systems for biomass production and wastewater treatment, and may serve as guidance for future studies in related fields.

Suggested Citation

  • Wang, Jing-Han & Zhuang, Lin-Lan & Xu, Xue-Qiao & Deantes-Espinosa, Victor M. & Wang, Xiao-Xiong & Hu, Hong-Ying, 2018. "Microalgal attachment and attached systems for biomass production and wastewater treatment," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 331-342.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:92:y:2018:i:c:p:331-342
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2018.04.081
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    Cited by:

    1. Nurulfarah Adilah Rosmahadi & Wai-Hong Leong & Hemamalini Rawindran & Yeek-Chia Ho & Mardawani Mohamad & Noraini A. Ghani & Mohammed J. K. Bashir & Anwar Usman & Man-Kee Lam & Jun-Wei Lim, 2021. "Assuaging Microalgal Harvesting Woes via Attached Growth: A Critical Review to Produce Sustainable Microalgal Feedstock," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-24, October.
    2. Rosli, Siti Suhailah & Amalina Kadir, Wan Nadiah & Wong, Chung Yiin & Han, Fon Yee & Lim, Jun Wei & Lam, Man Kee & Yusup, Suzana & Kiatkittipong, Worapon & Kiatkittipong, Kunlanan & Usman, Anwar, 2020. "Insight review of attached microalgae growth focusing on support material packed in photobioreactor for sustainable biodiesel production and wastewater bioremediation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    3. Hussain, Fida & Shah, Syed Z. & Ahmad, Habib & Abubshait, Samar A. & Abubshait, Haya A. & Laref, A. & Manikandan, A. & Kusuma, Heri S. & Iqbal, Munawar, 2021. "Microalgae an ecofriendly and sustainable wastewater treatment option: Biomass application in biofuel and bio-fertilizer production. A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    4. Zhang, Bing & Li, Wei & Guo, Yuan & Zhang, Zhiqiang & Shi, Wenxin & Cui, Fuyi & Lens, Piet N.L. & Tay, Joo Hwa, 2020. "Microalgal-bacterial consortia: From interspecies interactions to biotechnological applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 118(C).
    5. Chu, Ruoyu & Li, Shuangxi & Zhu, Liandong & Yin, Zhihong & Hu, Dan & Liu, Chenchen & Mo, Fan, 2021. "A review on co-cultivation of microalgae with filamentous fungi: Efficient harvesting, wastewater treatment and biofuel production," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    6. Shokravi, Zahra & Shokravi, Hoofar & Atabani, A.E. & Lau, Woei Jye & Chyuan, Ong Hwai & Ismail, Ahmad Fauzi, 2022. "Impacts of the harvesting process on microalgae fatty acid profiles and lipid yields: Implications for biodiesel production," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
    7. Zou, Xiaotong & Xu, Kaiwei & Chang, Wenjuan & Qu, Yanhui & Li, Yanpeng, 2021. "A novel microalgal biofilm reactor using walnut shell as substratum for microalgae biofilm cultivation and lipid accumulation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 676-685.

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