IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/rensus/v52y2015icp201-208.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Development and experimental investigation of a biodiesel from a nonedible woody plant: The Neem

Author

Listed:
  • Merlin, Ayissi Zacharie
  • Marcel, Obounou Akong
  • Louis Max, Ayina Ohandja
  • Salem, Chabira
  • Jean, Gerard

Abstract

The escalation of oil prices is irremediably accompanied by the rise of the prices of products of broad consummation and commodities. This results in a dramatic impoverishment of the neediest populations. This situation makes renewable energies like biodiesel a very attractive alternative to overcome the lack of fossil energy, because they respect the notion of sustainability and because of their ease of extraction. Because of its slight impact on food safety, Neem can be regarded as an adequate raw material to produce esters via an esterification process. The goal of this study is to extract oil from Neem fruits and to esterify it in order to obtain a biofuel. Then, the obtained product is tested within Direct Injection DI diesel conditions. The Neem Methyl Ester (NME) produced in the laboratory is then characterized according to different standards. It turns out that its chemical and physical characteristics, are close to that of classical esters of vegetable oils with acceptable lowest values. The output of the oil extraction is estimated at 27.5% and the Low Calorific Value (LCV) found is estimated to be 38.7MJ/kg. The measure of opacity shows that chloride and potassium account respectively for 61.00 and 2.19mol−1 (thresholds values: 74.00per mol). The principal pollutants such as CO, CO2 and unburned hydrocarbons are found to be at the lowest acceptable values. The biofuel elaborated has been tested thanks to a single cylinder (DI) diesel engine under the same burning conditions than those of petroleum based fuels. It has been observed that the performances of NME are acceptable compared to diesel fuel. The highest level of CO found for NME engine combustion mode is 698mg/kg which is 18.83% less than mineral diesel. The Neem׳s NOx emission is 5.64% higher than that of diesel fuel at the same load condition.

Suggested Citation

  • Merlin, Ayissi Zacharie & Marcel, Obounou Akong & Louis Max, Ayina Ohandja & Salem, Chabira & Jean, Gerard, 2015. "Development and experimental investigation of a biodiesel from a nonedible woody plant: The Neem," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 201-208.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:52:y:2015:i:c:p:201-208
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2015.07.027
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032115006747
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.rser.2015.07.027?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Forson, F.K & Oduro, E.K & Hammond-Donkoh, E, 2004. "Performance of jatropha oil blends in a diesel engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 29(7), pages 1135-1145.
    2. Pramanik, K, 2003. "Properties and use of jatropha curcas oil and diesel fuel blends in compression ignition engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 28(2), pages 239-248.
    3. Agarwal, Deepak & Kumar, Lokesh & Agarwal, Avinash Kumar, 2008. "Performance evaluation of a vegetable oil fuelled compression ignition engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 33(6), pages 1147-1156.
    4. Barnwal, B.K. & Sharma, M.P., 2005. "Prospects of biodiesel production from vegetable oils in India," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 9(4), pages 363-378, August.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Das, Mithun & Sarkar, Mouktik & Datta, Amitava & Santra, Apurba Kumar, 2018. "An experimental study on the combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fuelled with diesel-castor oil biodiesel blends," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 174-184.
    2. Sajjadi, Baharak & Raman, Abdul Aziz Abdul & Arandiyan, Hamidreza, 2016. "A comprehensive review on properties of edible and non-edible vegetable oil-based biodiesel: Composition, specifications and prediction models," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 62-92.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Hossain, A.K. & Davies, P.A., 2010. "Plant oils as fuels for compression ignition engines: A technical review and life-cycle analysis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(1), pages 1-13.
    2. No, Soo-Young, 2011. "Inedible vegetable oils and their derivatives for alternative diesel fuels in CI engines: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(1), pages 131-149, January.
    3. Silitonga, A.S. & Atabani, A.E. & Mahlia, T.M.I. & Masjuki, H.H. & Badruddin, Irfan Anjum & Mekhilef, S., 2011. "A review on prospect of Jatropha curcas for biodiesel in Indonesia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(8), pages 3733-3756.
    4. Atabani, A.E. & Silitonga, A.S. & Ong, H.C. & Mahlia, T.M.I. & Masjuki, H.H. & Badruddin, Irfan Anjum & Fayaz, H., 2013. "Non-edible vegetable oils: A critical evaluation of oil extraction, fatty acid compositions, biodiesel production, characteristics, engine performance and emissions production," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 18(C), pages 211-245.
    5. Ong, H.C. & Mahlia, T.M.I. & Masjuki, H.H. & Norhasyima, R.S., 2011. "Comparison of palm oil, Jatropha curcas and Calophyllum inophyllum for biodiesel: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(8), pages 3501-3515.
    6. Mofijur, M. & Masjuki, H.H. & Kalam, M.A. & Hazrat, M.A. & Liaquat, A.M. & Shahabuddin, M. & Varman, M., 2012. "Prospects of biodiesel from Jatropha in Malaysia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(7), pages 5007-5020.
    7. Balat, Mustafa & Balat, Havva, 2010. "Progress in biodiesel processing," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(6), pages 1815-1835, June.
    8. Chauhan, Bhupendra Singh & Singh, Ram Kripal & Cho, H.M. & Lim, H.C., 2016. "Practice of diesel fuel blends using alternative fuels: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 1358-1368.
    9. Bhuiya, M.M.K. & Rasul, M.G. & Khan, M.M.K. & Ashwath, N. & Azad, A.K. & Hazrat, M.A., 2016. "Prospects of 2nd generation biodiesel as a sustainable fuel – Part 2: Properties, performance and emission characteristics," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 1129-1146.
    10. Pal, Amit & Verma, Ashish & Kachhwaha, S.S. & Maji, S., 2010. "Biodiesel production through hydrodynamic cavitation and performance testing," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(3), pages 619-624.
    11. Vallinayagam, R. & Vedharaj, S. & Yang, W.M. & Roberts, W.L. & Dibble, R.W., 2015. "Feasibility of using less viscous and lower cetane (LVLC) fuels in a diesel engine: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 1166-1190.
    12. Charlotte Stead & Zia Wadud & Chris Nash & Hu Li, 2019. "Introduction of Biodiesel to Rail Transport: Lessons from the Road Sector," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-20, February.
    13. Yaliwal, V.S. & Banapurmath, N.R. & Gireesh, N.M. & Tewari, P.G., 2014. "Production and utilization of renewable and sustainable gaseous fuel for power generation applications: A review of literature," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 608-627.
    14. Singh, S.P. & Singh, Dipti, 2010. "Biodiesel production through the use of different sources and characterization of oils and their esters as the substitute of diesel: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 200-216, January.
    15. Azad, A.K. & Rasul, M.G. & Khan, M.M.K. & Sharma, Subhash C. & Mofijur, M. & Bhuiya, M.M.K., 2016. "Prospects, feedstocks and challenges of biodiesel production from beauty leaf oil and castor oil: A nonedible oil sources in Australia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 302-318.
    16. Banapurmath, N.R. & Tewari, P.G. & Hosmath, R.S., 2008. "Performance and emission characteristics of a DI compression ignition engine operated on Honge, Jatropha and sesame oil methyl esters," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 33(9), pages 1982-1988.
    17. Rozina, & Asif, Saira & Ahmad, Mushtaq & Zafar, Muhammad & Ali, Nsir, 2017. "Prospects and potential of fatty acid methyl esters of some non-edible seed oils for use as biodiesel in Pakistan," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 687-702.
    18. Hasan, M.M. & Rahman, M.M., 2017. "Performance and emission characteristics of biodiesel–diesel blend and environmental and economic impacts of biodiesel production: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 938-948.
    19. A.N. Siregar & J.A. Ghani & C.H.C. Haron & M. Rizal & Z. Yaakob & S.K. Kamarudin, 2015. "Comparison of oil press for jatropha oil - a review," Research in Agricultural Engineering, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 61(1), pages 1-13.
    20. Gumus, M., 2008. "Evaluation of hazelnut kernel oil of Turkish origin as alternative fuel in diesel engines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 33(11), pages 2448-2457.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:52:y:2015:i:c:p:201-208. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/600126/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.