The future of PV tracking? An interdisciplinary performance assessment of a novel design with panel protection

PV trackers are among the most effective technological advancements to increase photovoltaic (PV) electricity generation and yearly energy yield without additional PV panels. In this publication, a novel dual axis PV tracking device with face-to-face solar panel protection is described. The analysis of the proposed system addresses three scientific fields and explains their correlations and mutual influences. First, PV tracking technology and its potential are reviewed in the global techno-economic context of the renewable energy transition and characteristics of the PV and tracker market. The current situation and trends in energy production, manufacturing and supply chain issues, as well as PV module life cycle assessment and recycling are discussed. Second, engineering aspects of PV trackers are presented with a focus on the novel design for a low-cost PV tracker incorporating a patented folding and tracking mechanism with a dual-use actuating system. Third, a PV yield simulation quantifies snow shedding and soiling reduction benefits of the proposed PV tracker, as well as the optional utilization of bi-facial PV modules. The proposed PV tracker is shown to be particularly beneficial in high latitude, high elevation, and high albedo environments. Other benefits include longer cleaning intervals in dusty regions and resistance to extreme weather events. Potential drawbacks of the design approach and next steps for commercialization are also discussed.