IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/rensus/v152y2021ics1364032121009126.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Optimization of energy-water-waste nexus at district level: A techno-economic approach

Author

Listed:
  • Misrol, Mohd Arif
  • Wan Alwi, Sharifah Rafidah
  • Lim, Jeng Shiun
  • Abd Manan, Zainuddin

Abstract

The United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) includes sustainable clean water and clean energy supply. Contrary to the typical dogma, wastewater is now a valuable source to recover certain resources as the effluent stream is also applicable to be reused and/or reclaimed, minimizing freshwater consumption. Hence, clean water and clean energy can be obtained from the integration works. However, the attempt to establish a tripartite energy-water-waste nexus at the district level is yet to be made, hence requiring the use of the mathematical approach to perform simultaneous optimization of the nexus. This study develops a mathematical model to optimize the nexus for a centralized facility, which is applicable at the district level. The sources are from domestic and industrial wastewaters and multiple contaminants are considered for optimization. The recovery processes are intended to recover biogas, phosphorus, nitrogen, metal, digestate, solid sludge, and microalgae oil from the wastewater streams, while supplying reused and/or reclaimed water for various application options. Connection items and segregation tanks are also included in the model, as well as the techno-economics equations. The model is formulated as mixed-integer non-linear programming (MINLP). As multiple resources can be recovered in the facility, a case study is conducted. A total of 3.2 MW of renewable energy can be recovered, and freshwater consumption is reduced by 66%. Supply water selling price, industrial processing fee value, and maximum length of the main transmission pipeline are the important factors affecting the project's economics. As there are no subsidies set, the study provides insight on how the tripartite nexus can be symbiotically integrated at the district level.

Suggested Citation

  • Misrol, Mohd Arif & Wan Alwi, Sharifah Rafidah & Lim, Jeng Shiun & Abd Manan, Zainuddin, 2021. "Optimization of energy-water-waste nexus at district level: A techno-economic approach," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:152:y:2021:i:c:s1364032121009126
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.111637
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032121009126
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.rser.2021.111637?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Cooper, James & Lombardi, Rachel & Boardman, David & Carliell-Marquet, Cynthia, 2011. "The future distribution and production of global phosphate rock reserves," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 78-86.
    2. Wang, Xue-Chao & Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír & Wang, Yutao & Foley, Aoife & Huisingh, Donald & Guan, Dabo & Dong, Xiaobin & Varbanov, Petar Sabev, 2021. "Unsustainable imbalances and inequities in Carbon-Water-Energy flows across the EU27," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    3. Li, Mo & Fu, Qiang & Singh, Vijay P. & Liu, Dong & Li, Jiang, 2020. "Optimization of sustainable bioenergy production considering energy-food-water-land nexus and livestock manure under uncertainty," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).
    4. Wang, Yongli & Li, Jiapu & Wang, Shuo & Yang, Jiale & Qi, Chengyuan & Guo, Hongzhen & Liu, Ximei & Zhang, Hongqing, 2020. "Operational optimization of wastewater reuse integrated energy system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C).
    5. Picardo, Alberto & Soltero, Victor M. & Peralta, M. Estela & Chacartegui, Ricardo, 2019. "District heating based on biogas from wastewater treatment plant," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 649-664.
    6. Golam Rasul & Bikash Sharma, 2016. "The nexus approach to water–energy–food security: an option for adaptation to climate change," Climate Policy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 16(6), pages 682-702, August.
    7. Nhamo, L. & Mabhaudhi, T. & Mpandeli, S. & Dickens, Chris & Nhemachena, C. & Senzanje, A. & Naidoo, D. & Liphadzi, S. & Modi, A. T., 2020. "An integrative analytical model for the water-energy-food nexus: South Africa case study," Papers published in Journals (Open Access), International Water Management Institute, pages 109:15-124..
    8. Wang, Xue-Chao & Jiang, Peng & Yang, Lan & Fan, Yee Van & Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír & Wang, Yutao, 2021. "Extended water-energy nexus contribution to environmentally-related sustainable development goals," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    9. Sadeghi, Seyed Hamidreza & Sharifi Moghadam, Ehsan & Delavar, Majid & Zarghami, Mahdi, 2020. "Application of water-energy-food nexus approach for designating optimal agricultural management pattern at a watershed scale," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 233(C).
    10. Liu, Jin & Smith, Stephen R., 2020. "A multi-level biogas model to optimise the energy balance of full-scale sewage sludge conventional and THP anaerobic digestion," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 756-766.
    11. Zhao, Ning & You, Fengqi, 2021. "Food-energy-water-waste nexus systems optimization for New York State under the COVID-19 pandemic to alleviate health and environmental concerns," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(PA).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Misrol, Mohd Arif & Wan Alwi, Sharifah Rafidah & Lim, Jeng Shiun & Manan, Zainuddin Abd, 2022. "Optimising renewable energy at the eco-industrial park: A mathematical modelling approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(PB).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Naidoo, Dhesigen & Nhamo, Luxon & Mpandeli, Sylvester & Sobratee, Nafisa & Senzanje, Aidan & Liphadzi, Stanley & Slotow, Rob & Jacobson, Michael & Modi, Albert T. & Mabhaudhi, Tafadzwanashe, 2021. "Operationalising the water-energy-food nexus through the theory of change," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    2. Hua, En & Han, Xinxueqi & Bai, Yawen & Engel, Bernard A. & Li, Xin & Sun, Shikun & Wang, Yubao, 2023. "Synergy of water use in water-energy-food nexus from a symbiosis perspective: A case study in China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    3. Radu Petrariu & Marius Constantin & Mihai Dinu & Simona Roxana Pătărlăgeanu & Mădălina Elena Deaconu, 2021. "Water, Energy, Food, Waste Nexus: Between Synergy and Trade-Offs in Romania Based on Entrepreneurship and Economic Performance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-23, August.
    4. Wang, Xue-Chao & Jiang, Peng & Yang, Lan & Fan, Yee Van & Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír & Wang, Yutao, 2021. "Extended water-energy nexus contribution to environmentally-related sustainable development goals," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    5. Somayeh Rezaei Kalvani & Fulvio Celico, 2024. "Analysis of Pros and Cons in Using the Water–Energy–Food Nexus Approach to Assess Resource Security: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-18, March.
    6. Luxon Nhamo & Bekithemba Ndlela & Sylvester Mpandeli & Tafadzwanashe Mabhaudhi, 2020. "The Water-Energy-Food Nexus as an Adaptation Strategy for Achieving Sustainable Livelihoods at a Local Level," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-16, October.
    7. Mohammed Sakib Uddin & Khaled Mahmud & Bijoy Mitra & Al-Ekram Elahee Hridoy & Syed Masiur Rahman & Md Shafiullah & Md. Shafiul Alam & Md. Ismail Hossain & Mohammad Sujauddin, 2023. "Coupling Nexus and Circular Economy to Decouple Carbon Emissions from Economic Growth," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-21, January.
    8. Giuseppe Rossi & David J. Peres, 2023. "Climatic and Other Global Changes as Current Challenges in Improving Water Systems Management: Lessons from the Case of Italy," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 37(6), pages 2387-2402, May.
    9. Nosipho Zwane & Joel O. Botai & Christina M. Botai & Tafadzwanashe Mabhaudhi, 2024. "Sustainability of the Linkages Between Water–Energy–Food Resources Based on Structural Equation Modeling Under Changing Climate: A Case Study of Narok County (Kenya) and Vhembe District Municipality (," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-15, November.
    10. Fábio T. F. Silva & Alexandre Szklo & Amanda Vinhoza & Ana Célia Nogueira & André F. P. Lucena & Antônio Marcos Mendonça & Camilla Marcolino & Felipe Nunes & Francielle M. Carvalho & Isabela Tagomori , 2022. "Inter-sectoral prioritization of climate technologies: insights from a Technology Needs Assessment for mitigation in Brazil," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 27(7), pages 1-39, October.
    11. Govindan, Rajesh & Al-Ansari, Tareq, 2019. "Computational decision framework for enhancing resilience of the energy, water and food nexus in risky environments," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 653-668.
    12. Nazmul Huq & Antje Bruns & Lars Ribbe & Saleemul Huq, 2017. "Mainstreaming Ecosystem Services Based Climate Change Adaptation (EbA) in Bangladesh: Status, Challenges and Opportunities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-20, June.
    13. Yang, Ting & Zhao, Liyuan & Li, Wei & Zomaya, Albert Y., 2021. "Dynamic energy dispatch strategy for integrated energy system based on improved deep reinforcement learning," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).
    14. Sriroop Chaudhuri & Mimi Roy & Louis M. McDonald & Yves Emendack, 2021. "Reflections on farmers’ social networks: a means for sustainable agricultural development?," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(3), pages 2973-3008, March.
    15. Machado, R.L. & Abreu, M.R., 2024. "Multi-objective optimization of the first and second-generation ethanol supply chain in Brazil using the water-energy-food-land nexus approach," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    16. Dula Etana & Denyse J. R. M. Snelder & Cornelia F. A. van Wesenbeeck & Tjard de Cock Buning, 2021. "The Impact of Adaptation to Climate Change and Variability on the Livelihood of Smallholder Farmers in Central Ethiopia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-21, June.
    17. Korberg, Andrei David & Skov, Iva Ridjan & Mathiesen, Brian Vad, 2020. "The role of biogas and biogas-derived fuels in a 100% renewable energy system in Denmark," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C).
    18. Peng Zhang & Zihan Xu & Weiguo Fan & Jiahui Ren & Ranran Liu & Xiaobin Dong, 2019. "Structure Dynamics and Risk Assessment of Water-Energy-Food Nexus: A Water Footprint Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-18, February.
    19. Zhang, S.Q. & Li, Y.P. & Huang, G.H. & Ding, Y.K. & Yang, X., 2023. "Developing a copula-based input-output method for analyzing energy-water nexus of Tajikistan," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 266(C).
    20. Majid Ali & Muhammad Naveed Anjum & Donghui Shangguan & Safdar Hussain, 2022. "Water, Energy, and Food Nexus in Pakistan: Parametric and Non-Parametric Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-17, October.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:152:y:2021:i:c:s1364032121009126. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/600126/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.