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Energy saving using morning and evening civil twilight in the State of Bahrain

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  • Alnaser, W.E.

Abstract

Comparison between the total solar irradiation including and excluding the civil twilight in Bahrain is studied. The solar intensity of the civil twilight (morning and evening twilight) in Bahrain is calculated. The calculations show that the maximum civil twilight is on summer solistice (longest day) lasts for 52.3 min and the least on winter solistice (shortest day) for 50.7 min. In spring and autumn equinox (day equal to night), the duration of the civil twilight is 46.1 min. Monteith and Unsoworth equation [7] which estimates the daily global insolation for location having unprolonged dusk and dawn was evaluated for Bahrain. Their equation was found to fit very well with the measured data in Bahrain (percentage difference of 6.5%).

Suggested Citation

  • Alnaser, W.E., 1994. "Energy saving using morning and evening civil twilight in the State of Bahrain," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 5(5), pages 1547-1552.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:5:y:1994:i:5:p:1547-1552
    DOI: 10.1016/0960-1481(94)90206-2
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