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Carnalite salt gradient solar ponds: an experimental study

Author

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  • Banat, F.A.
  • El-Sayed, S.E.
  • El-Temtamy, S.A.

Abstract

Carnalite salt evaporation ponds are created as a result of the Arab Potash Company work south of the Dead Sea. Development of salt gradient solar ponds for the utilization and storage of solar energy in this locality seems to be logical thinking. Therefore, a laboratory scale solar pond of the dimensions 1 × 2 × 1 m has been constructed. Carnalite salt was the salt utilized in this pond. The gradient zone was established by the redistribution method. The pond was maintained for the period 18 April–18 August 1990. The development of temperature and salinity profiles were studied. The heating up process took around five weeks after which steady state pond operation was established.

Suggested Citation

  • Banat, F.A. & El-Sayed, S.E. & El-Temtamy, S.A., 1994. "Carnalite salt gradient solar ponds: an experimental study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 4(2), pages 265-269.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:4:y:1994:i:2:p:265-269
    DOI: 10.1016/0960-1481(94)90014-0
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kaushika, N.D. & Banerjee, M.B. & Katti, Yojna, 1983. "Honeycomb solar pond collector and storage system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 8(11), pages 883-890.
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    1. Banat, Fawzi A. & El-Sayed, Salah E. & El-Temtamy, Seham A., 1994. "A transient model of a laboratory-scale carnalite salt gradient solar pond," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 4(8), pages 927-932.
    2. Bezir, Nalan Ç. & Dönmez, Orhan & Kayali, Refik & Özek, Nuri, 2008. "Numerical and experimental analysis of a salt gradient solar pond performance with or without reflective covered surface," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 85(11), pages 1102-1112, November.
    3. Kurt, Hüseyin & Ozkaymak, Mehmet & Binark, A. Korhan, 2006. "Experimental and numerical analysis of sodium-carbonate salt gradient solar-pond performance under simulated solar-radiation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 83(4), pages 324-342, April.
    4. Ramakrishna Murthy, G.R & Pandey, K.P, 2002. "Scope of fertiliser solar ponds in Indian agriculture," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 27(2), pages 117-126.

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