Research on value co-creation of green hydrogen value chain considering carbon emission trading: A multi-layer complex network evolutionary game perspective

Enhancing the growth of the green hydrogen sector through collaborative value creation is essential for advancing society's transition towards a sustainable, low-carbon economy. This work investigates the dynamics of value co-creation within the green hydrogen value chain, employing an intricate multi-layered network evolutionary game theory model. It delineates and analyzes the strategic interactions between renewable energy producers, hydrogen producers, and hydrogen users within the carbon emission trading framework. The study's simulation quantifies the impact of initial ratio, carbon trading price, other non-green hydrogen price, electricity consumption, hydrogen storage cost and government subsidy on the equilibrium outcomes of evolutionary strategies. Findings indicate that stakeholders across the green hydrogen chain are motivated to engage in value co-creation. Moreover, the carbon trading market is instrumental in fostering this collaborative effort, with increases in initial participation ratios, carbon trading price, other non-green hydrogen price, and subsidies from government bodies, all positively influencing the industry's value creation potential. Similarly, reductions in electricity consumption and storage costs have the same effect.