Experimental and numerical investigation on optimizing energy efficiency and emissions reduction of ammonia fueled combustion with addition of hydrogen and porous media

To enhance energy efficiency and reduce NOx emissions of carbon-free fuels powered in micro generators, a micro-planar with two symmetrical bluff-bodies and porous media is proposed for NH3/H2/Air combustion. Effects of operating conditions on combustion and emissions are conducted. Additionally, reaction dynamic analysis is explored to gain deeper insights into the burning process and NOx production. At Ei = 100W, the optimal hydrogen fuel blending decreases with increasing equivalence ratio. The effects of porous media are investigated and analyzed, and pure foam metal demonstrates superior heat transmission compared to alloys composed of various metals, with Ni emerging as the most suitable material for porous media. Furthermore, the maximum average outer wall temperature of 1181.8 K is achieved at Ф = 1.6 with α = 0.8. As Ei increases, the optimal α value for volume power density WT gradually rises. At Ei = 120 W with α = 0.85, the peak value of WT = 65.74 W/cm³ is obtained, while the minimum value of NO ppm is about 5.28 × 103 under Ei = 90 W with α = 0.75.