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Beneficiation of paper-pulp industrial wastewater for improved outdoor biomass cultivation and biodiesel production using Tetradesmus obliquus (Turpin) Kützing

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  • Bagchi, Sourav Kumar
  • Patnaik, Reeza
  • Rawat, Ismail
  • Prasad, Ramasare
  • Bux, Faizal

Abstract

Algae-based wastewater bioremediation offers a cost-effective method for sustainably treating wastewater while simultaneously addressing global water scarcity and pollution. This study highlights the benefits of treating primary-treated (PTW) and secondary-treated (STW) paper-pulp industrial wastewaters using the microalga Tetradesmus obliquus (Turpin) Kützing. A batch culture study revealed that 50 % secondary treated wastewater can increase the biomass yield 1.8 fold to 2.51 g L−1 in 15 days with a corresponding lipid yield of 390.2 mg L−1. Upscaling this work in 200 L open raceway ponds with 50 % STW as the growth medium showed areal biomass and lipid productivities of 26.80 and 3.90 g m−2 day−1, respectively, in 15 days at 20 cm culture depth. This translates to a projected high annual biomass productivity of approximately 85.0 tons hectare−1 year−1 based on datasets spanning two consecutive years. Bioremediation efficiencies of 80.0 %, 91.51 %, and 92.10 % were achieved for COD, TOC, and NH4+ respectively. Biodiesel produced showed a large percentage of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids (∼90 %) and its fuel properties complied with the global biodiesel standards. This study thus shows that using paper-pulp industrial wastewater for algal growth offers a sustainable solution for energy generation and wastewater treatment, with significant implications for environmental sustainability.

Suggested Citation

  • Bagchi, Sourav Kumar & Patnaik, Reeza & Rawat, Ismail & Prasad, Ramasare & Bux, Faizal, 2024. "Beneficiation of paper-pulp industrial wastewater for improved outdoor biomass cultivation and biodiesel production using Tetradesmus obliquus (Turpin) Kützing," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:222:y:2024:i:c:s0960148123017639
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2023.119848
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sonkar, Sashi & Tiwari, Rahul & Devadiga, Sagar & Koley, Shankha & Mallick, Nirupama, 2023. "Cultivation of Chlorella minutissima under a novel phosphate application strategy for biodiesel production: A pilot scale study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C).
    2. Sawant, S.S. & Gosavi, S.N. & Khadamkar, H.P. & Mathpati, C.S. & Pandit, Reena & Lali, A.M., 2019. "Energy efficient design of high depth raceway pond using computational fluid dynamics," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 528-537.
    3. Bagchi, Sourav Kumar & Patnaik, Reeza & Sonkar, Sashi & Koley, Shankha & Rao, P. Srinivasa & Mallick, Nirupama, 2019. "Qualitative biodiesel production from a locally isolated chlorophycean microalga Scenedesmus obliquus (Turpin) Kützing GA 45 under closed raceway pond cultivation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 976-987.
    4. Chang, Wenjuan & Li, Yanpeng & Qu, Yanhui & Liu, Yi & Zhang, Gaoshan & Zhao, Yan & Liu, Siyu, 2022. "Mixotrophic cultivation of microalgae to enhance the biomass and lipid production with synergistic effect of red light and phytohormone IAA," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 819-828.
    5. Baldev, Edachery & Mubarakali, Davoodbasha & Saravanakumar, Kandasamy & Arutselvan, Chithirai & Alharbi, Naiyf S. & Alharbi, Sulaiman Ali & Sivasubramanian, Velusamy & Thajuddin, Nooruddin, 2018. "Unveiling algal cultivation using raceway ponds for biodiesel production and its quality assessment," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 486-498.
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