Mapping the fire risk in buildings: A hybrid method of ASET-RSET concept and FED concept

Fire is a critical threat to large buildings. With the fire smoke diffusion, the risk of injury and death exists over a wide area. To investigate the fire risk level of large buildings, a Risk Index is defined as the fractional effective dose at the moment of required safe egress time to model the maximum potential fire risk of an area. Then, the map-based method is adopted to acquire a Risk Index map for each fire scenario and a Risk Index scenario map for the whole building. Finally, the overall fire risk of a fire scenario and a building could be acquired by integrating the Risk Index in each area and the Risk Index scenario in each fire scenario. The platform of a subway station is taken as a case study to validate the applicability of the proposed method. The results indicate that the method provides a more detailed and accurate evaluation of fire risk distribution of each fire scenario and the whole platform. Besides, the proposed method can provide more flexible and adaptive evacuation strategy recommendations. The results could be used for future fire risk evaluation, worst fire scenario identification and evacuation strategy design in different buildings.