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Reuse of treated sewage in Delhi city: Microbial evaluation of STPs and reuse options

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  • Jamwal, Priyanka
  • Mittal, Atul K.

Abstract

Microbiological quality of the treated wastewater is an important parameter for its reuse. The data on the Fecal Coliform (FC) and Fecal Streptococcus (FS) at different stages of treatment in the Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs) in Delhi watershed is not available, therefore in the present study microbial profiling of STPs was carried out to assess the effluent quality for present and future reuse options. This study further evaluates the water quality profiles at different stages of treatment for l6 STPs in Delhi city. These STPs are based on conventional Activated Sludge Process (ASP), extended aeration, physical, chemical and biological treatment (BIOFORE), Trickling Filter and Oxidation Pond. The primary effluent quality produced from most of the STPs was suitable for Soil Aquifer Treatment (SAT). Extended Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) as a result of low inflow to the STPs was responsible for high turbidity, COD and BOD5 removal. Conventional ASP based STPs achieved 1.66 log FC and 1.06 log FS removal. STPs with extended aeration treatment process produced better quality effluent with maximum 4 log order reduction in FC and FS levels. “Kondli” and “Nilothi” STPs employing ASP, produced better quality secondary effluent as compared to other STPs based on similar treatment process. Oxidation Pond based STPs showed better FC and FS removals, whereas good physiochemical quality was achieved during the first half of the treatment.

Suggested Citation

  • Jamwal, Priyanka & Mittal, Atul K., 2010. "Reuse of treated sewage in Delhi city: Microbial evaluation of STPs and reuse options," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 54(4), pages 211-221.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:recore:v:54:y:2010:i:4:p:211-221
    DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2009.08.002
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Fatma A. El-Gohary & Fayza A. Nasr & S. El-Hawaary, 1998. "Performance assessment of a wastewater treatment plant producing effluent for irrigation in Egypt," Environment Systems and Decisions, Springer, vol. 18(2), pages 87-93, June.
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    1. Carvalho, Isabella de Castro & Calijuri, Maria Lúcia & Assemany, Paula Peixoto & Silva, Marcos Dornelas Freitas Machado e & Moreira Neto, Ronan Fernandes & Santiago, Aníbal da Fonseca & de Souza, Maur, 2013. "Sustainable airport environments: A review of water conservation practices in airports," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 27-36.

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