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Application of recycled paper sludge and biomass materials in manufacture of green composite pallet

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  • Kim, Sumin
  • Kim, Hyun-Joong
  • Park, Jin Chul

Abstract

Rice straw, rice husk and paper sludge are by-products and industrial waste, and are beneficial resources as raw biomass materials used for manufacturing value-added composite products. We investigated the effect on selected mechanical properties of adding rice straw, rice husk and paper sludge to wood composites to replace wood particles for manufacturing green pallets. Results showed that increasing the contents of rice straw and rice husk dramatically decreased the mechanical strength of the composites. This is because the wax and silicate coating of these materials obstructed the strong bonding with UF resin. When 10wt.% of wood particle was replaced with 10wt.% of paper sludge, the wood–paper sludge composites showed similar mechanical properties to those of wood particle. Wood particle can be replaced by 10wt.% of dried paper sludge in accordance with the minimum requirement recommended by standards in green pallet manufacturing.

Suggested Citation

  • Kim, Sumin & Kim, Hyun-Joong & Park, Jin Chul, 2009. "Application of recycled paper sludge and biomass materials in manufacture of green composite pallet," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 53(12), pages 674-679.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:recore:v:53:y:2009:i:12:p:674-679
    DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2009.04.021
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    Cited by:

    1. Fabiana Tornese & Maria Grazia Gnoni & Brian K. Thorn & Andres L. Carrano & Jennifer A. Pazour, 2021. "Management and Logistics of Returnable Transport Items: A Review Analysis on the Pallet Supply Chain," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-23, November.
    2. Bousios, Spyridon & Worrell, Ernst, 2017. "Towards a Multiple Input-Multiple Output paper mill: Opportunities for alternative raw materials and sidestream valorisation in the paper and board industry," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 218-232.
    3. Faubert, Patrick & Barnabé, Simon & Bouchard, Sylvie & Côté, Richard & Villeneuve, Claude, 2016. "Pulp and paper mill sludge management practices: What are the challenges to assess the impacts on greenhouse gas emissions?," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 107-133.
    4. Shin, Bigyeong & Chang, Seong Jin & Wi, Seunghwan & Kim, Sumin, 2023. "Estimation of energy demand and greenhouse gas emission reduction effect of cross-laminated timber (CLT) hybrid wall using life cycle assessment for urban residential planning," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 185(C).

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