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The Intergenerational Health Effects of Forced Displacement: Japanese American Incarceration during WWII

Author

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  • Grossman, Daniel
  • Khalil, Umair
  • Panza, Laura

Abstract

We study the intergenerational health consequences of forced displacement and incarceration of Japanese Americans in the US during WWII. Incarcerated mothers had babies who were less healthy at birth. This decrease in health represents a shift in the entire birthweight distribution due to exposure to prison camps. Imprisoned individuals were less likely to have children with fathers of other ethnic groups but were more likely to invest in education, and participate in the labor market. Despite these positive human capital effects, overall we find a negative effect of incarceration on intergenerational health.

Suggested Citation

  • Grossman, Daniel & Khalil, Umair & Panza, Laura, 2025. "The Intergenerational Health Effects of Forced Displacement: Japanese American Incarceration during WWII," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:pubeco:v:242:y:2025:i:c:s0047272725000064
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105308
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Carceral health effects; Forced migration; Birth outcomes;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • N32 - Economic History - - Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, Religion, and Philanthropy - - - U.S.; Canada: 1913-
    • I12 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health Behavior
    • I14 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health and Inequality
    • I18 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health
    • I38 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Government Programs; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
    • J13 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth
    • J18 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Public Policy
    • J68 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Public Policy

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