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Pricing and rebate policies in the two-echelon supply chain with asymmetric information under price-dependent, stochastic demand

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  • Arcelus, F.J.
  • Kumar, Satyendra
  • Srinivasan, G.

Abstract

This paper analyzes the manufacturers' strategy of optimizing the direct rebate to the final customer and the wholesale price to a profit-maximizing retailer with a price-dependent stochastic demand. The manufacturer possesses full information about the cost and the functional relationship among demand, price and rebate, but may or may not know about the nature of the underlying demand uncertainty faced by the retailer. The conditions under which a retailer benefits from passing on such information are identified. The main features of the model are illustrated analytically and numerically, using linear or iso-elastic demand functions, with additive or multiplicative error structures. Several important implications have been derived, especially those dealing with price and rebate pass-throughs and with the cost to the manufacturer of asymmetric information.

Suggested Citation

  • Arcelus, F.J. & Kumar, Satyendra & Srinivasan, G., 2008. "Pricing and rebate policies in the two-echelon supply chain with asymmetric information under price-dependent, stochastic demand," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 113(2), pages 598-618, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:proeco:v:113:y:2008:i:2:p:598-618
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    Cited by:

    1. B.C. Giri & S. Bardhan & T. Maiti, 2016. "Coordinating a three-layer supply chain with uncertain demand and random yield," International Journal of Production Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 54(8), pages 2499-2518, April.
    2. Arcelus, F.J. & Kumar, Satyendra & Srinivasan, G., 2012. "The effectiveness of manufacturer vs. retailer rebates within a newsvendor framework," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 219(2), pages 252-263.
    3. Rahimi-Ghahroodi, S. & Al Hanbali, A. & Zijm, W.H.M. & Timmer, J.B., 2020. "Multi-resource emergency supply contracts with asymmetric information in the after-sales services," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 229(C).
    4. Matsui, Kenji, 2019. "A supply chain member should set its margin later if another member's cost is highly uncertain," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 275(1), pages 127-138.
    5. Altug, Mehmet Sekip, 2016. "Supply chain contracting for vertically differentiated products," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 171(P1), pages 34-45.
    6. Liang, Donghan & Li, Gang & Sun, Linyan & Chen, Yubao, 2013. "The role of rebates in the hybrid competition between a national brand and a private label with present-biased consumers," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 145(1), pages 208-219.
    7. Hou, Xiyang & Li, Jianbin & Liu, Zhixin & Guo, Yongjiang, 2022. "Pareto and Kaldor–Hicks improvements with revenue-sharing and wholesale-price contracts under manufacturer rebate policy," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 298(1), pages 152-168.
    8. Yan, Bo & Wang, Tao & Liu, Yan-ping & Liu, Yang, 2016. "Decision analysis of retailer-dominated dual-channel supply chain considering cost misreporting," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 34-41.
    9. Ata Allah Taleizadeh & Alireza Mahmoudzade Varzi & Hadi Akbarzadeh Khorshidi & Mahsa Noori-daryan, 2024. "Retail pricing, cashback and refund decisions in a supply chain with e-shop and direct channels," Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 23(2), pages 140-163, April.
    10. Ata Allah Taleizadeh & Alireza Mahmoudzade Varzi & Alireza Amjadian & Mahsa Noori-daryan & Ioannis Konstantaras, 2023. "How cash-back strategy affect sale rate under refund and customers’ credit," Operational Research, Springer, vol. 23(1), pages 1-69, March.
    11. Lifeng Mu & Xin Tang & Vijayan Sugumaran & Wei Xu & Xiangyang Sun, 2023. "Optimal rebate strategy for an online retailer with a cashback platform: commission-driven or marketing-based?," Electronic Commerce Research, Springer, vol. 23(1), pages 475-510, March.
    12. Jin, Yi & Zeng, Zhixiong, 2016. "Risk, risk aversion, and a finance-augmented neoclassical economic model of production," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 82-91.
    13. Caliskan Demirag, Ozgun, 2013. "Performance of weather-conditional rebates under different risk preferences," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 41(6), pages 1053-1067.
    14. Arcelus, F.J. & Gor, Ravi & Srinivasan, G., 2013. "Foreign exchange transaction exposure in a newsvendor setting," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 227(3), pages 552-557.
    15. Zhou, Yong-Wu & Cao, Bin & Tang, Qinshen & Zhou, Wenhui, 2017. "Pricing and rebate strategies for an e-shop with a cashback website," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 262(1), pages 108-122.
    16. Arcelus, F.J. & Gor, Ravi & Srinivasan, G., 2012. "Price, rebate and order quantity decisions in a newsvendor framework with rebate-dependent recapture of lost sales," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 140(1), pages 473-482.
    17. Yang, Shilei & Shi, Chunming (Victor) & Zhang, Yibin & Zhu, Jing, 2014. "Price competition for retailers with profit and revenue targets," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 233-242.

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