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Equilibrium of three liquid phases and approach to the tricritical point in benzene-ethanol-water-ammonium sulfate mixtures

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  • Lang, J.C.
  • Widom, B.

Abstract

We have determined the region of coexistence of three liquid phases in the system C6H6-EtOH-H2O-(NH4)2SO4 at 21°, 45°, 48° and 48.6°C, and have located the tricritical point. The temperature and composition at the tricritical point are Tt = 48.9°C and mass fractions xsalt = 0.0175, xwater = 0.351, xethanol = 0.450, xbenzene = 0.181. This composition is inferred to lie outside the three-phase region at 21° and 45°, in agreement with the phenomenological theory of Griffiths. The locus of the three liquid phases in the isothermal composition tetrahedron has the parabolic, inflected (cubic), and cusped aspects predicted by the theory. For the three exponents β1, β2, and β3 associated with the vanishing of the three characteristic dimensions of the coexistence region, we find β1 = 0.4, β2 = 1.0, β3 = 1.5, compared to the theoretical β1 = 12, β2 = 1, β3 = 32. We verify that the algebraic degree 1/β′ of the coexistence curve near the two critical end points exceeds its classical value of 2.

Suggested Citation

  • Lang, J.C. & Widom, B., 1975. "Equilibrium of three liquid phases and approach to the tricritical point in benzene-ethanol-water-ammonium sulfate mixtures," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 81(2), pages 190-213.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:phsmap:v:81:y:1975:i:2:p:190-213
    DOI: 10.1016/0378-4371(75)90063-1
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    Cited by:

    1. Bocko, Peter, 1980. "The equilibrium of three liquid phases upon approach to the tricritical point in water-acetonitrile-benzene-n-hexane mixtures," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 103(1), pages 140-171.

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