Information cocooning and polarization of opinions in a mobile population

Information cocooning, referring to the phenomena that individuals become trapped in self-imposed cocoons by only encountering and accepting information that aligns with their own opinions, may hinder the normal dissemination of information. Numerous studies focused on how information cocoons emerge and how to avoid their disadvantages. In previous works, it is usually assumed that individuals are well-mixed in a population or located statically on certain regular or complex networks. Here, we explore the phenomena of information cocooning and opinion polarization among individuals who exhibit directional migration, favoring movement towards neighbors with similar opinions. In scenarios without migration, the social radius is a pivotal parameter that influences the development of various opinion dynamics, including neutral consensus, radicalization, and polarization. When directional migration is introduced, information cocooning can occur, leading to the fragmentation of the population into distinct opinion clusters that are spatially distant from one another. Within each cluster, radicalization of opinions is a common phenomenon. However, when considering the population as a whole, opinion dynamics may encompass polarization and consensus. We investigate the impact of the social radius and migration speed on the formation of information cocooning. We find that, the number of opinion clusters decreases with the increase of social radius. Moreover, a small social radius leads to more opinion clusters but milder opinions, whereas large ones result in less number of opinion clusters with more individuals holding radical opinions. This work can help us better understand the formation of information cocoons and opinion polarization in real life.