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Robustness of network of networks with interdependent and interconnected links

Author

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  • Dong, Gaogao
  • Du, Ruijin
  • Tian, Lixin
  • Liu, Runran

Abstract

Robustness of network of networks (NON) has been studied only for dependency coupling (Gao et al., 2012) and only for connectivity coupling (Leicht and Souza, arxiv:0907.0894). The case of network of networks with both interdependent and interconnected links is more complicated, and also more close to real-life coupled network systems. Understanding the robustness of NON with interdependent and interconnected links is helpful to design resilient infrastructures. Here we develop a framework to study analytically and numerically the robustness of this system with no-feedback and feedback conditions for the case of starlike NON. When assumed that all degree distributions of the connectivity intra- and inter-links are Poissonian, we find that the system undergoes from second order through hybrid order to first order phase transition as coupling strength q increases. Additionally, for both conditions, the results suggest that increasing density of connectivity links (intra-connectivity links or inter-connectivity links) can increase the robustness of the system, while the interdependency links decrease its robustness. Furthermore, by comparing critical attacking strength under same parameters for both conditions, we also find that feedback condition of dependency links, in contrast to no-feedback condition, makes the system extremely vulnerable. Although our detailed analysis is for Poisson degree distribution, the theory can be applied to any degree distribution and other basic topological structure of network such like tree-like and loop-like NON.

Suggested Citation

  • Dong, Gaogao & Du, Ruijin & Tian, Lixin & Liu, Runran, 2015. "Robustness of network of networks with interdependent and interconnected links," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 424(C), pages 11-18.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:phsmap:v:424:y:2015:i:c:p:11-18
    DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2014.12.019
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Fang Zhou & Xiang He & Yongbo Yuan & Mingyuan Zhang, 2020. "Influence of Interlink Topology on Multilayer Network Robustness," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-19, February.
    2. Du, Ruijin & Dong, Gaogao & Tian, Lixin & Liu, Runran, 2016. "Targeted attack on networks coupled by connectivity and dependency links," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 450(C), pages 687-699.
    3. Kai Gong & Jia-Jian Wu & Ying Liu & Qing Li & Run-Ran Liu & Ming Tang, 2019. "The Effective Healing Strategy against Localized Attacks on Interdependent Spatially Embedded Networks," Complexity, Hindawi, vol. 2019, pages 1-10, May.
    4. Cui, Pengshuai & Zhu, Peidong & Shao, Chengcheng & Xun, Peng, 2017. "Cascading failures in interdependent networks due to insufficient received support capability," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 469(C), pages 777-788.
    5. Qing Cai & Mahardhika Pratama & Sameer Alam, 2019. "Interdependency and Vulnerability of Multipartite Networks under Target Node Attacks," Complexity, Hindawi, vol. 2019, pages 1-16, November.
    6. Ji, Xingpei & Wang, Bo & Liu, Dichen & Dong, Zhaoyang & Chen, Guo & Zhu, Zhenshan & Zhu, Xuedong & Wang, Xunting, 2016. "Will electrical cyber–physical interdependent networks undergo first-order transition under random attacks?," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 460(C), pages 235-245.
    7. Tyra, Adam & Li, Jingtao & Shang, Yilun & Jiang, Shuo & Zhao, Yanjun & Xu, Shouhuai, 2017. "Robustness of non-interdependent and interdependent networks against dependent and adaptive attacks," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 482(C), pages 713-727.
    8. Nie, Tingyuan & Fan, Bo & Wang, Zhenhao, 2022. "Complexity and robustness of weighted circuit network of placement," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 598(C).

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