IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/matcom/v217y2024icp226-243.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

An optimal combination of antiretroviral treatment and immunotherapy for controlling HIV infection

Author

Listed:
  • Nath, Bhagya Jyoti
  • Sadri, Khadijeh
  • Sarmah, Hemanta Kumar
  • Hosseini, Kamyar

Abstract

Antiretroviral (ART) drugs have been used to treat HIV patients over last two decades. But, the daily use of these drugs in order to control HIV load in patients’ body results different side effects and high cost over long period of time. Motivated by these, researchers have been trying to find other treatment strategy whose combination with antiretroviral treatments can control HIV without use of large quantities of drugs. Immunotherapy is one of such treatment which assist natural immune system of patients in order to get control over viral infection. Administration of immunotherapy in combination with antiretroviral drugs has been found safe and effective after different clinical trials on humans and other animals. In this paper, we propose a mathematical model to describe HIV dynamics under antiretroviral treatment and immunotherapy combination. We find that our model is biologically feasible and the findings of the clinical trials support the dynamics of our model. The stability analyses of HIV-free equilibrium point are performed and found the basic reproduction number as a threshold parameter. Also, we calculate a critical efficacy for overall antiretroviral treatment such that when the efficacy of overall treatment exceeds this value HIV will be completely removed. Also, we have found that critical drug efficacy for antiretroviral drugs decreases with increasing immunotherapy, which indicates combination of immunotherapy with antiretroviral treatments minimize the quantity of antiretroviral drugs for HIV eradication, hence minimize the side effects and cost of antiretroviral drugs. Numerical simulations are carried out to substantiate the analytical results and to illustrate different drug administration scenarios. Moreover, an optimal combination of drugs which can control HIV with lower costs and side effects, is obtained by solving an optimal control problem numerically.

Suggested Citation

  • Nath, Bhagya Jyoti & Sadri, Khadijeh & Sarmah, Hemanta Kumar & Hosseini, Kamyar, 2024. "An optimal combination of antiretroviral treatment and immunotherapy for controlling HIV infection," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 217(C), pages 226-243.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:matcom:v:217:y:2024:i:c:p:226-243
    DOI: 10.1016/j.matcom.2023.10.012
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378475423004470
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.matcom.2023.10.012?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. M. Pradeesh & A. Manivannan & S. Lakshmanan & F. A. Rihan & Prakash Mani & Abdellatif Ben Makhlouf, 2022. "Dynamical Analysis of Posttreatment HIV-1 Infection Model," Complexity, Hindawi, vol. 2022, pages 1-17, October.
    2. Jiang, Xiaowu & Zhou, Xueyong & Shi, Xiangyun & Song, Xinyu, 2008. "Analysis of stability and Hopf bifurcation for a delay-differential equation model of HIV infection of CD4+ T-cells," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 38(2), pages 447-460.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Zhang, Huaqiao & Chen, Hong & Jiang, Cuicui & Wang, Kaifa, 2017. "Effect of explicit dynamics of free virus and intracellular delay," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 827-834.
    2. Jajarmi, Amin & Baleanu, Dumitru, 2018. "A new fractional analysis on the interaction of HIV with CD4+ T-cells," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 221-229.
    3. Shi, Ruiqing & Lu, Ting & Wang, Cuihong, 2021. "Dynamic analysis of a fractional-order model for HIV with drug-resistance and CTL immune response," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 188(C), pages 509-536.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:matcom:v:217:y:2024:i:c:p:226-243. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/mathematics-and-computers-in-simulation/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.