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Planning at the edge: Integrating across the land sea divide

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  • Kerr, S.
  • Johnson, K.
  • Side, J.C.

Abstract

Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) is a relatively recent phenomenon. Land planning has evolved through decades of hard experience. This paper considers the origins of both marine and terrestrial planning highlighting fundamental differences. Development projects combining marine and terrestrial infrastructure, but operating in separate planning regimes, create the potential for conflict. With rising ambition to exploit marine resources there is a growing need for effective coordination between the terrestrial and marine planning systems. This paper considers marine renewable energy (wave and tide) developments which clearly represent and magnify the issues involved. Dense arrays of devices in close proximity to shore, combined marine/terrestrial operations, and coastal protected areas expose choices to high public scrutiny and introduce risk to developers. Particular reference is made to Scotland and marine renewable energy (MRE) development in the Pentland Firth and Orkney Waters (PFOW). The PFOW area is the world centre for trials of MRE devices and the subject of preparatory work and testing for MSP in all of Scottish waters. Scotland has the fourth largest marine area in Europe. This paper concludes that full integration is not achievable. The differences in governance, rights and resource use are too great. However, transboundary interactions are very significant and demand a high level of coordination and clear lines of accountability. Separation of accountability between central government responsibility for marine planning and local responsibility for terrestrial planning is not sustainable.

Suggested Citation

  • Kerr, S. & Johnson, K. & Side, J.C., 2014. "Planning at the edge: Integrating across the land sea divide," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 118-125.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:marpol:v:47:y:2014:i:c:p:118-125
    DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2014.01.023
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Kerr, Sandy & Colton, John & Johnson, Kate & Wright, Glen, 2015. "Rights and ownership in sea country: implications of marine renewable energy for indigenous and local communities," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 108-115.
    3. Ruano-Chamorro, Cristina & Castilla, Juan Carlos & Gelcich, Stefan, 2018. "Human dimensions of marine hydrokinetic energies: Current knowledge and research gaps," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 82(P3), pages 1979-1989.
    4. Wilson, A. Meriwether W. & Mugerauer, Robert & Klinger, Terrie, 2015. "Rethinking marine infrastructure policy and practice: Insights from three large-scale marina developments in Seattle," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 67-82.
    5. Quero García, Pablo & Chica Ruiz, Juan Adolfo & García Sanabria, Javier, 2020. "Blue energy and marine spatial planning in Southern Europe," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    6. de Andrés, María & Barragán Muñoz, Juan Manuel, 2022. "The limits of coastal and marine areas in Andalusia (Spain). A socio-ecological approach for ecosystem-based management," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    7. Kerr, Sandy & Johnson, Kate & Weir, Stephanie, 2017. "Understanding community benefit payments from renewable energy development," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 202-211.
    8. Lai, Sabrina & Leone, Federica, 2020. "To what extent is integration pursued in compulsory planning tools concerning coastal and marine areas? Evidences from two Mediterranean protected areas," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    9. Wright, Glen & O’Hagan, Anne Marie & de Groot, Jiska & Leroy, Yannick & Soininen, Niko & Salcido, Rachael & Castelos, Montserrat Abad & Jude, Simon & Rochette, Julien & Kerr, Sandy, 2016. "Establishing a legal research agenda for ocean energy," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 126-134.

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