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Correction of Chilean GDP for natural capital depreciation and environmental degradation caused by copper mining

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  • Mardones, Cristian
  • del Rio, Ricardo

Abstract

Sustainable development requires that natural resources be exploited optimally, especially in developing countries like Chile that depend heavily on the export of non-renewable resources (ex. 55% of Chilean exports are products of copper mining). Therefore, this paper estimates a corrected version of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Chile that accounts for the depreciation of natural capital, the environmental degradation due to the emission of atmospheric pollutants and the exploration expenses of copper mining during the period between the years 1995 and 2015. The results obtained show that, on average, GDP and mining GDP are overestimated by 11.34% and 98.04%, respectively. The high magnitude of the adjustment reflects the importance of incorporating the depreciation of natural resources and environmental degradation into the traditional indicators used to measure the country's economic activity, especially for those sectors that are based on the extraction of non-renewable resources and produce strong negative externalities.

Suggested Citation

  • Mardones, Cristian & del Rio, Ricardo, 2019. "Correction of Chilean GDP for natural capital depreciation and environmental degradation caused by copper mining," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 143-152.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:jrpoli:v:60:y:2019:i:c:p:143-152
    DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2018.12.010
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Basu, Rahul & Pegg, Scott, 2020. "Minerals are a shared inheritance: Accounting for the resource curse," MPRA Paper 102270, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Elena Stupnikova & Tatyana Sukhadolets, 2019. "Construction Sector Role in Gross Fixed Capital Formation: Empirical Data from Russia," Economies, MDPI, vol. 7(2), pages 1-16, May.
    3. Shah, Wasi Ul Hassan & Hao, Gang & Yan, Hong & Yasmeen, Rizwana & Xu, Xiaowei, 2024. "Natural resources utilization efficiency evaluation, determinant of productivity change, and production technology heterogeneity across developed and developing G20 economies," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    4. van Krevel, Charan, 2021. "Does natural capital depletion hamper sustainable development? Panel data evidence," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    5. Doussoulin, Jean Pierre & Mougenot, Benoit, 2022. "Mapping mining and ecological distribution conflicts in Latin America, a bibliometric analysis," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    6. Leiva, Benjamin, 2020. "Natural resource rent allocation, government quality, and concession design: The case of copper in Chile," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    7. Li, Lin & Du, Le, 2024. "Impact of natural resources, financial innovation, and policy robustness on economic growth: A study of China and India," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 93(C).
    8. Bazhanov, Andrei V., 2022. "A comment on Hamilton (2016) “Measuring sustainability in the UN System of Environmental-Economic Accounting”," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C).
    9. Xinyu Zhuang & Xin Li & Yisong Xu, 2022. "How Can Resource-Exhausted Cities Get Out of “The Valley of Death”? An Evaluation Index System and Obstacle Degree Analysis of Green Sustainable Development," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-29, December.

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