IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/jotrge/v113y2023ics096669232300176x.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

COVID-19 Interventions in an informal settlement: A spatial analysis of accessibility in Kibera, Kenya

Author

Listed:
  • Drummond, John Amin
  • Malamud, Bruce D.
  • Mulligan, Joe
  • Bukachi, Vera
  • Talib, Manshur
  • Wandera, Amos
  • Pelling, Mark
  • Taylor, Faith E.

Abstract

This paper introduces a methodology to explore pedestrian accessibility in informal settlements. This methodology is applied to pandemic intervention sites in Nairobi's Kibera area for 3.5 months (14 April to 31 July 2020) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Freely available transportation network data and open-source GIS software are utilised. Isochrones, areas of equal travel time, are calculated to assess pedestrian accessibility (walk times) from 30,231 Kibera structures to 138 COVID-19 stationary intervention sites. These sites aid in virus control, resource distribution, and COVID-related medical support. Travel times are determined considering different terrain slopes. Unequal access to intervention sites is observed due to indirect routes. Shortest walks (up to 21.5 min) are to handwashing and food distribution points, while longer walks (up to 61.5 min) are to interventions with fewer sites or localised clustering, such as baby product distribution. This simple accessibility analysis helps identify service gaps during crises, aiding planning authorities and communities. Our methodology offers insight into travel patterns in slums and has wider applicability to assess the relationships between transport infrastructure provision and resilience in informal settlements.

Suggested Citation

  • Drummond, John Amin & Malamud, Bruce D. & Mulligan, Joe & Bukachi, Vera & Talib, Manshur & Wandera, Amos & Pelling, Mark & Taylor, Faith E., 2023. "COVID-19 Interventions in an informal settlement: A spatial analysis of accessibility in Kibera, Kenya," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 113(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jotrge:v:113:y:2023:i:c:s096669232300176x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2023.103704
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S096669232300176X
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2023.103704?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Alan Gilbert, 2007. "The Return of the Slum: Does Language Matter?," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(4), pages 697-713, December.
    2. Brigit Obrist & Nelly Iteba & Christian Lengeler & Ahmed Makemba & Christopher Mshana & Rose Nathan & Sandra Alba & Angel Dillip & Manuel W Hetzel & Iddy Mayumana & Alexander Schulze & Hassan Mshinda, 2007. "Access to Health Care in Contexts of Livelihood Insecurity: A Framework for Analysis and Action," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 4(10), pages 1-5, October.
    3. Balijepalli, Chandra & Oppong, Olivia, 2014. "Measuring vulnerability of road network considering the extent of serviceability of critical road links in urban areas," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 145-155.
    4. Sophie Blackburn & Mark Pelling, 2018. "The political impacts of adaptation actions: Social contracts, a research agenda," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 9(6), November.
    5. Luz, Gregorio & Barboza, Matheus Henrique Cunha & da Silva Portugal, Licinio & Giannotti, Mariana & van Wee, Bert, 2022. "Does better accessibility help to reduce social exclusion? Evidence from the City of São Paulo, Brazil," SocArXiv 2p896, Center for Open Science.
    6. Md. Kamruzzaman & Tan Yigitcanlar & Jay Yang & Mohd Afzan Mohamed, 2016. "Measures of Transport-Related Social Exclusion: A Critical Review of the Literature," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(7), pages 1-30, July.
    7. Nina Haug & Lukas Geyrhofer & Alessandro Londei & Elma Dervic & Amélie Desvars-Larrive & Vittorio Loreto & Beate Pinior & Stefan Thurner & Peter Klimek, 2020. "Ranking the effectiveness of worldwide COVID-19 government interventions," Nature Human Behaviour, Nature, vol. 4(12), pages 1303-1312, December.
    8. Pot, Felix Johan & van Wee, Bert & Tillema, Taede, 2021. "Perceived accessibility: What it is and why it differs from calculated accessibility measures based on spatial data," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
    9. Crow, Ben & Odaba, Edmond, 2009. "Scarce, costly and uncertain: water access in Kibera, Nairobi," Center for Global, International and Regional Studies, Working Paper Series qt8c10s316, Center for Global, International and Regional Studies, UC Santa Cruz.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Abouelela, Mohamed & Durán-Rodas, David & Antoniou, Constantinos, 2024. "Do we all need shared E-scooters? An accessibility-centered spatial equity evaluation approach," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 181(C).
    2. John Stanley & Janet Stanley, 2023. "Improving Appraisal Methodology for Land Use Transport Measures to Reduce Risk of Social Exclusion," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-18, August.
    3. Tomasz Jałowiec & Henryk Wojtaszek, 2021. "Analysis of the RES Potential in Accordance with the Energy Policy of the European Union," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-33, September.
    4. Kibria, Abu SMG & Costanza, Robert & Soto, José R, 2022. "Modeling the complex associations of human wellbeing dimensions in a coupled human-natural system: In contexts of marginalized communities," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 466(C).
    5. Jiayu Ding & Yuewei Wang & Chaoyue Li, 2024. "A Dual-Layer Complex Network-Based Quantitative Flood Vulnerability Assessment Method of Transportation Systems," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-27, May.
    6. Davide Tosi & Alessandro Siro Campi, 2021. "How Schools Affected the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy: Data Analysis for Lombardy Region, Campania Region, and Emilia Region," Future Internet, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-12, April.
    7. Bucar, Raif C.B. & Hayeri, Yeganeh M., 2020. "Quantitative assessment of the impacts of disruptive precipitation on surface transportation," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 203(C).
    8. Tianhan Gui & Wei Zhong, 2024. "When urban poverty becomes a tourist attraction: a systematic review of slum tourism research," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-13, December.
    9. Ralf Krumkamp & Nimako Sarpong & Benno Kreuels & Lutz Ehlkes & Wibke Loag & Norbert Georg Schwarz & Hajo Zeeb & Yaw Adu-Sarkodie & Jürgen May, 2013. "Health Care Utilization and Symptom Severity in Ghanaian Children – a Cross-Sectional Study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(11), pages 1-1, November.
    10. Marco Biagetti & Valentina Ferri, 2022. "Covid-19: the effects of the Italian red zones on mortality," RIEDS - Rivista Italiana di Economia, Demografia e Statistica - The Italian Journal of Economic, Demographic and Statistical Studies, SIEDS Societa' Italiana di Economia Demografia e Statistica, vol. 76(3), pages 17-28, July-Sept.
    11. Hui Zheng & Baohong He & Mingwei He & Jinghui Guo, 2022. "Impact of Urban Spatial Transformation on the Mobility of Commuters with Different Transportation Modes in China: Evidence from Kunming 2011–2016," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-22, June.
    12. Guzman, Luis A. & Cantillo-Garcia, Victor A. & Oviedo, Daniel & Arellana, Julian, 2023. "How much is accessibility worth? Utility-based accessibility to evaluate transport policies," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 112(C).
    13. Patrick Sakdapolrak & Thomas Seyler & Christina Ergler, 2013. "Burden of direct and indirect costs of illness: Empirical findings from slum settlements in Chennai, South India," Progress in Development Studies, , vol. 13(2), pages 135-151, April.
    14. Cherunya, Pauline C. & Ahlborg, Helene & Truffer, Bernhard, 2020. "Anchoring innovations in oscillating domestic spaces: Why sanitation service offerings fail in informal settlements," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 49(1).
    15. Matthew Spiegel & Heather Tookes, 2021. "Business Restrictions and COVID-19 Fatalities [The immediate effect of COVID-19 policies on social distancing behavior in the United States]," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 34(11), pages 5266-5308.
    16. Maria Carolina Rogelis, 2015. "Flood Risk in Road Networks," World Bank Publications - Reports 22980, The World Bank Group.
    17. Biswas, Debajyoti & Alfandari, Laurent, 2022. "Designing an optimal sequence of non‐pharmaceutical interventions for controlling COVID-19," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 303(3), pages 1372-1391.
    18. Fox, Sean, 2014. "The Political Economy of Slums: Theory and Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 191-203.
    19. Padmore Adusei Amoah & Joseph Edusei & David Amuzu, 2018. "Social Networks and Health: Understanding the Nuances of Healthcare Access between Urban and Rural Populations," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-15, May.
    20. Phu Nguyen Van & Thierry Blayac & Dimitri Dubois & Sebastien Duchene & Marc Willinger & Bruno Ventelou, 2021. "Designing acceptable anti-COVID-19 policies by taking into account individuals’ preferences: evidence from a Discrete Choice Experiment," EconomiX Working Papers 2021-33, University of Paris Nanterre, EconomiX.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:jotrge:v:113:y:2023:i:c:s096669232300176x. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/journal-of-transport-geography .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.