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Stock-based pay, liquidity, and the role of market making

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  • Calcagno, Riccardo
  • Heider, Florian

Abstract

We study the role of stock market characteristics on managerial compensation. A risk averse manager exerts an unobservable effort that drives future firm value. The value cannot be used in the incentive contract because it realizes in the distant future and compensating the manager cannot be postponed until then. The stock price emerges endogenously because of trading by informed and uninformed traders in a standard competitive noisy rational expectations equilibrium model. We identify new “skin-in-the-game” and “information-overlap” terms in the weights the optimal incentive contract gives to the stock price and to public information. We derive novel comparative statics, e.g., the manager may receive more stock-based pay when traders' information becomes worse. The contract always uses public information except in the special case when uninformed traders are risk-neutral.

Suggested Citation

  • Calcagno, Riccardo & Heider, Florian, 2021. "Stock-based pay, liquidity, and the role of market making," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 197(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jetheo:v:197:y:2021:i:c:s0022053121001496
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jet.2021.105332
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Stock-based pay; Liquidity; Information trading; Market making; Stock-market efficiency;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G14 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Information and Market Efficiency; Event Studies; Insider Trading
    • G34 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Mergers; Acquisitions; Restructuring; Corporate Governance
    • D86 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Economics of Contract Law

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