Symbiotic evolution mechanism of urban air mobility industrial innovation ecosystem: Evidence from low altitude air mobility in Shenzhen

The symbiotic evolution of subjects within the urban air mobility industrial innovation ecosystem is crucial for fostering coordinated development among stakeholders. It serves as a key foundation for achieving mutual benefits and driving high-quality growth in the low-altitude economy. Based on the conceptual model of the urban air mobility industrial innovation ecosystem, the Lokta-Volterra symbiotic evolution model is introduced. Different symbiotic evolution patterns within the system are simulated. Taking the innovation ecosystem of the low-altitude air mobility industry in Shenzhen as an example, the grey estimation method is used to measure the coefficient of symbiosis. This method helps identify the symbiotic relationship of the subjects within the system and analyze the mechanism of symbiotic evolution of the subjects within the innovation ecosystem of the urban air mobility industry under different evolutionary stages. The results show that: (1) The symbiotic relationship between the symbiotic subjects is determined by the symbiotic coefficient. (2) The symbiotic relationships among system subjects vary at different stages. When the symbiotic coefficients are all greater than zero, the subjects reach a reciprocal symbiotic relationship. (3) The innovation ecosystem of the low-altitude air traffic industry in Shenzhen is in the transition stage from growth to higher-order growth evolution. The subject has experienced the evolution process of dual-subject competitive symbiosis, single-subject biased symbiosis, and dual-subject competitive symbiosis. This study provides reference suggestions for the future symbiotic and synergistic development of the urban air mobility industry in the context of the low-altitude economy in other cities from the aspects of industrial balance, subject synergy and scenario innovation.