The right to health for socioeconomically disadvantaged TB patients in South Korea: An AAAQ framework analysis

Tuberculosis, a disease of poverty, continues to disproportionately affect socioeconomically disadvantaged populations worldwide. This is particularly concerning given the recent resurgence of TB following the COVID-19 pandemic. In South Korea, despite substantial socioeconomic development, TB remains a prominent problem, ranking as the leading infectious killer in the country. The severe stigma associated with TB, coupled with the significant vulnerability of TB patients, has resulted in the voices of these patients being completely underrepresented in both policy and research. This article addresses this research gap by conducting a qualitative assessment of Korea's national TB control efforts through the lens of the UN's AAAQ (Availability, Accessibility, Acceptability, Quality) right to health framework. Through field observations and 20 in-depth interviews with TB patients, healthcare providers, policymakers, and advocates, we explore the lived experiences of socioeconomically disadvantaged TB patients in accessing care and support in Korea. Findings reveal that the failure to integrate the right to health into TB care and support, including inadequate availability, accessibility, acceptability, and quality of services tailored to the needs of this population, contributes significantly to Korea's TB burden. The findings have important implications for TB policy and practice in countries with high TB burdens or those experiencing a resurgence of TB. Prioritizing the right to health in TB care and support is crucial to effectively combat this disease.