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Carbon accounting of material substitution with biomass: Case studies for Austria investigated with IPCC default and alternative approaches

Author

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  • Kalt, Gerald
  • Höher, Martin
  • Lauk, Christian
  • Schipfer, Fabian
  • Kranzl, Lukas

Abstract

There is evidence that the replacement of carbon-intensive products with bio-based substitutes (‘material substitution with biomass’) can be highly efficient in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Based on two case studies (CS1/2) for Austria, potential benefits of material substitution in comparison to fuel substitution are analysed. GHG savings are calculated according to default IPCC approaches (Tier 2 method assuming first-order decay) and with more realistic approaches based on distribution functions. In CS1, high savings are achieved by using wood residues for the production of insulating boards instead of energy. The superiority of material substitution is due to the establishment of a long-term carbon storage, the high emission factor of wood in comparison to natural gas and higher efficiencies of gas-fired facilities.

Suggested Citation

  • Kalt, Gerald & Höher, Martin & Lauk, Christian & Schipfer, Fabian & Kranzl, Lukas, 2016. "Carbon accounting of material substitution with biomass: Case studies for Austria investigated with IPCC default and alternative approaches," Environmental Science & Policy, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 155-163.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enscpo:v:64:y:2016:i:c:p:155-163
    DOI: 10.1016/j.envsci.2016.06.022
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    Cited by:

    1. Gang Lin & Dong Jiang & Donglin Dong & Jingying Fu & Xiang Li, 2020. "Spatial Characteristic of Coal Production-Based Carbon Emissions in Chinese Mining Cities," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-11, January.
    2. Raja Chowdhury & Nidia Caetano & Matthew J. Franchetti & Kotnoor Hariprasad, 2023. "Life Cycle Based GHG Emissions from Algae Based Bioenergy with a Special Emphasis on Climate Change Indicators and Their Uses in Dynamic LCA: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-19, January.
    3. Luan Santos & Karl Steininger & Marcelle Candido Cordeiro & Johanna Vogel, 2022. "Current Status and Future Perspectives of Carbon Pricing Research in Austria," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-28, August.
    4. Zhang, Xiaobiao & Yang, Hongqiang & Chen, Jiaxin, 2018. "Life-cycle carbon budget of China's harvested wood products in 1900–2015," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 181-192.
    5. Asada, Raphael & Stern, Tobias, 2018. "Competitive Bioeconomy? Comparing Bio-based and Non-bio-based Primary Sectors of the World," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 120-128.

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