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Process integration and the second law of thermodynamics: Future possibilities

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  • Berg, Charles A.

Abstract

The term “process integration” is used with many meanings. When one uses the second law of thermodynamics to examine processes such as petroleum refining, oxygen production or steelmaking, one often finds that certain of the requirements for fuel can be reduced by the use of a more exacting heat exchange, or by transferring the heat rejected from certain high-temperature steps in the process to stages where lower temperature heat is required, or by combining steam generation with electrical generation, and so forth. This is one sense in which process integration is frequently used. In essence, this use of the term means the economic optimization of the use of energy in processing. The history of such work in engineering is long. Among the lucid and valuable contributions to this aspect of process design, the work of M. Benedict offers an outstanding example from which every engineering student and practicing engineering can profit.

Suggested Citation

  • Berg, Charles A., 1980. "Process integration and the second law of thermodynamics: Future possibilities," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 5(8), pages 733-742.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:5:y:1980:i:8:p:733-742
    DOI: 10.1016/0360-5442(80)90092-4
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    1. Philip Sporn, 1969. "Technology, Engineering, and Economics," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 0262690292, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Cleveland, Cutler J. & Ruth, Matthias, 1997. "When, where, and by how much do biophysical limits constrain the economic process?: A survey of Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen's contribution to ecological economics," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 22(3), pages 203-223, September.
    2. Xu, Mingtian, 2011. "The thermodynamic basis of entransy and entransy dissipation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(7), pages 4272-4277.

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