IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v322y2025ics0360544225013684.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Vortex evolution and energy loss of an axial flow Pump-As-Turbine (PAT) with the influence of upstream waves

Author

Listed:
  • Xu, Zhe
  • Zheng, Yuan
  • Kan, Kan
  • Pavesi, Giorgio
  • Rossi, Mosè
  • Xu, Lianchen
  • Yan, Xiaotong

Abstract

Pump-As-Turbine (PAT) technology is currently widely used in large-scale and small rural hydropower projects. However, its energy performance is inevitably affected by upstream flow state and this aspect deserves an in-depth investigation. For this reason, the entropy production method and Omega method are used to study the distributions of both the energy loss and vortices on a PAT with upstream waves. The Mean Entropy Production Rate (MEPR) and mean rotating vorticity ΩR are redefined to quantify the energy loss rate and vortex development while removing the non-uniformity in the integration regions. Results showed that the simulated external characteristics of the analyzed PAT at different operating conditions with no waves are in good accordance with the experimental data. Macroscopically, the trend of the vortices in the PAT along the mainstream direction is consistent with the energy loss; specifically, the MEPR and ΩR values peak in the impeller and decrease as they move away from it. Furthermore, the Energy Production Rate (EPR) is high at the vortex aggregation identified by the Omega method, meaning that the gathered vortices lead to large energy losses. The enhancement of the energy loss in the analyzed PAT with upstream waves gradually decreases from inlet to outlet with a maximum growth rate of MEPR of 96 % at the inlet. Regarding the impeller, the enhancement of upstream waves in the energy loss is limited, that is, the highest growth rate of MEPR was equal to 3.6 %. In the inlet pipe, shedding vortices are generated from the attached ones by the influence of upstream waves, and the generation period of the shedding vortices is the same as the upstream wave period.

Suggested Citation

  • Xu, Zhe & Zheng, Yuan & Kan, Kan & Pavesi, Giorgio & Rossi, Mosè & Xu, Lianchen & Yan, Xiaotong, 2025. "Vortex evolution and energy loss of an axial flow Pump-As-Turbine (PAT) with the influence of upstream waves," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 322(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:322:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225013684
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.135726
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544225013684
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2025.135726?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:322:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225013684. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.