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BRI effect on the environmental performance of energy consuming and producing enterprises in East African Countries: Perspectives and recommendations

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  • Dusengemungu, Didier Robert
  • Zhou, Zhifang
  • Hussain, Farhan
  • Liu, Jinhao
  • Li, Shenglan
  • Li, Xiaorui
  • Yang, Zhuoxuan

Abstract

The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), a Chinese-led initiative to improve connectivity and economic cooperation, has had a considerable impact on the environmental practices of energy companies in East African countries. This study investigates the BRI's impact on the environmental performance of EAC's energy sector, with a focus on sustainability. Analyzing 2010–2021 data utilizing methodologies such as Difference-in-Differences (DID), Propensity Score Matching (PSM-DID), and robustness checks, the study finds that BRI membership enhances environmental quality and reduces CO2 intensity in energy firms. Participating countries have improved their environmental conditions and made progress in low-carbon policies, with environmental law and marketization playing important roles. The findings show that increased BRI collaboration can drive long-term growth in the EAC's energy sector. To ensure long-term growth under the BRI framework, policymakers and energy companies should adopt green technologies, engage stakeholders, and implement clear laws.

Suggested Citation

  • Dusengemungu, Didier Robert & Zhou, Zhifang & Hussain, Farhan & Liu, Jinhao & Li, Shenglan & Li, Xiaorui & Yang, Zhuoxuan, 2025. "BRI effect on the environmental performance of energy consuming and producing enterprises in East African Countries: Perspectives and recommendations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 320(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:320:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225008266
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.135184
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