The optimal bidding strategy for multi-energy prosumers in the double auction electricity-heat market: A bidding space model

With the rise of multi-energy prosumers (MEPs) in the local energy system, an efficient multi-energy management is increasingly significant. This paper designs a double auction electricity-heat market for simultaneous electricity and heat trading and proposes a bidding space model for MEPs. Firstly, it introduces the bidding rules, clearing mechanism, and market trading execution for the electricity-heat market. Secondly, a MEP's energy supply cost model considering the equipment off-design performance and the market clearing price (MCP) prediction model considering the electricity-heat coupling are established, which together constitute the bidding space. Then, by analyzing the bidding space, it determines the optimal bidding quantity and a reasonable bidding price range, which guides MEPs to participate in the market. After that, considering the new bidding risks in the electricity-heat market compared to the traditional electricity market, it proposes an optimal bidding price model based on the conditional value at risk (CVaR), which helps find the most competitive price within the given range. Finally, case studies show that the proposed electricity-heat market and the bidding space model improve the economic benefits of the multi-energy system by 15.4 %. Moreover, compared to the “cost-plus method” and “MCP prediction method”, the proposed bidding strategy has an increase in revenue of 9.1 % and 12.3 %, respectively.