A novel economic dispatch of energy-renewable multi-area power systems with group-based differential evolution

Spinning reserve capacity can handle the effects of load and renewable energy output forecasting errors. To ensure the safe and stable operation of the power systems and enhance economic benefits, it is meaningful to develop reasonable reserve capacity model for multi-area power systems. In this paper, a calculation method for reserve capacity, based on multi-area joint reserve capacity, is proposed to handle the uncertainty of renewable energy output. Multi-area interconnected economic dispatch with renewable energy, based on multi-area joint reserve capacity, can comprehensively consider the characteristics of power generation resources in each areas, and then reasonably allocate reserve capacity in each areas. Furthermore, to solve the multi-area interconnected economic dispatch with renewable energy, a sorted grouping-based adaptive multi-strategy differential evolution algorithm is designed, which divides the population into four groups according to the current convergence and balance, then adopts several new mutation strategies, and uses adaptive schemes for each group of populations separately. Notably, the sorted grouping-based adaptive multi-strategy differential evolution algorithm has advantages over several differential evolution variants and several well-known algorithms. Finally, the proposed method is compared with individual reserve capacity, which proves that the superiority of the proposed method in reserve capacity programming.