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An exact solution approach for the interdiction median problem with fortification

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  • Scaparra, Maria P.
  • Church, Richard L.

Abstract

Systematic approaches to security investment decisions are crucial for improved homeland security. We present an optimization modeling approach for allocating protection resources among a system of facilities so that the disruptive effects of possible intentional attacks to the system are minimized. This paper is based upon the p-median service protocol for an operating set of p facilities. The primary objective is to identify the subset of q facilities which, when fortified, provides the best protection against the worst-case loss of r non-fortified facilities. This problem, known as the r-interdiction median problem with fortification (IMF), was first formulated as a mixed-integer program by Church and Scaparra [R.L. Church, M.P. Scaparra, Protecting critical assets: The r-interdiction median problem with fortification, Geographical Analysis 39 (2007) 129-146]. In this paper, we reformulate the IMF as a maximal covering problem with precedence constraints, which is amenable to a new solution approach. This new approach produces good approximations to the best fortification strategies. Furthermore, it provides upper and lower bounds that can be used to reduce the size of the original model. The reduced model can readily be solved to optimality by general-purpose MIP solvers. Computational results on two geographical data sets with different structural characteristics show the effectiveness of the proposed methodology for solving IMF instances of considerable size.

Suggested Citation

  • Scaparra, Maria P. & Church, Richard L., 2008. "An exact solution approach for the interdiction median problem with fortification," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 189(1), pages 76-92, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ejores:v:189:y:2008:i:1:p:76-92
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Richard Church, 2003. "COBRA: A New Formulation of the Classic p-Median Location Problem," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 122(1), pages 103-120, September.
    2. Osman Alp & Erhan Erkut & Zvi Drezner, 2003. "An Efficient Genetic Algorithm for the p-Median Problem," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 122(1), pages 21-42, September.
    3. S. L. Hakimi, 1964. "Optimum Locations of Switching Centers and the Absolute Centers and Medians of a Graph," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 12(3), pages 450-459, June.
    4. Richard Wollmer, 1964. "Removing Arcs from a Network," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 12(6), pages 934-940, December.
    5. James T. Moore & Jonathan F. Bard, 1990. "The Mixed Integer Linear Bilevel Programming Problem," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 38(5), pages 911-921, October.
    6. Alberto Caprara & Paolo Toth & Matteo Fischetti, 2000. "Algorithms for the Set Covering Problem," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 98(1), pages 353-371, December.
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