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Optimal stratification of survival data via Bayesian nonparametric mixtures

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  • Corradin, Riccardo
  • Nieto-Barajas, Luis Enrique
  • Nipoti, Bernardo

Abstract

The stratified proportional hazards model represents a simple solution to take into account heterogeneity within the data while keeping the multiplicative effect of the predictors on the hazard function. Strata are typically defined a priori by resorting to the values of a categorical covariate. A general framework is proposed, which allows the stratification of a generic accelerated lifetime model, including, as a special case, the Weibull proportional hazards model. The stratification is determined a posteriori, taking into account that strata might be characterized by different baseline survivals, and also by different effects of the predictors. This is achieved by considering a Bayesian nonparametric mixture model and the posterior distribution it induces on the space of data partitions. An optimal stratification is then identified following a decision theoretic approach. In turn, stratum-specific inference is carried out. The performance of this method and its robustness to the presence of right-censored observations are investigated through an extensive simulation study. Further illustration is provided analysing a data set from the University of Massachusetts AIDS Research Unit IMPACT Study.

Suggested Citation

  • Corradin, Riccardo & Nieto-Barajas, Luis Enrique & Nipoti, Bernardo, 2022. "Optimal stratification of survival data via Bayesian nonparametric mixtures," Econometrics and Statistics, Elsevier, vol. 22(C), pages 17-38.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecosta:v:22:y:2022:i:c:p:17-38
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ecosta.2021.05.002
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