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When humans play evolutionary games with animal species

Author

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  • Antoci, Angelo
  • Apollonio, Marco
  • Russu, Paolo
  • Scandura, Massimo

Abstract

Taking into account of a rapidly growing literature studying the negative effects of changes in animal behaviour induced by human activities on ecological dynamics, biodiversity preservation, and human well-being, we model the interaction between a population of humans and a population of animals by means of an evolutionary game. In such a game, we assume that humans can adopt two alternative behaviours (strategies), one with a high environmental impact (HI) and the other with a low impact (LI). Animals also have two alternative behaviours: they can behave in a typical (T) or non-typical (NT) way. The former corresponds to the natural strategy animals would typically adopt in the absence of human interference (e.g. hunting prey) while the latter can be seen as an adaptive behaviour adopted by animals to defend themselves from the negative consequences of human action, or to opportunistically benefit of food resources that human activity may provide as a by-product. The analysis of our model shows that the adoption process of the strategies HI, LI, NT, T can generate a great variety of dynamic regimes, even if the ecological context we consider is very simple. The main purpose of this work is to propose a new research line in ecological modelling and to highlight a policy issue that has been largely ignored thus far: how to link the battle against biodiversity loss with the fight against species behavioural typicality loss.

Suggested Citation

  • Antoci, Angelo & Apollonio, Marco & Russu, Paolo & Scandura, Massimo, 2023. "When humans play evolutionary games with animal species," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 476(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecomod:v:476:y:2023:i:c:s0304380022003192
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2022.110221
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. E Hance Ellington & Stanley D Gehrt, 2019. "Behavioral responses by an apex predator to urbanization," Behavioral Ecology, International Society for Behavioral Ecology, vol. 30(3), pages 821-829.
    2. Kate E. Plummer & Kate Risely & Mike P. Toms & Gavin M. Siriwardena, 2019. "The composition of British bird communities is associated with long-term garden bird feeding," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-8, December.
    3. Antoci, Angelo & Borghesi, Simone & Russu, Paolo, 2021. "Don’T Feed The Bears! Environmental Defensive Expenditures And Species-Typical Behavior In An Optimal Growth Model," Macroeconomic Dynamics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 25(3), pages 733-752, April.
    4. Thibaud Gruber & Lydia Luncz & Julia Mörchen & Caroline Schuppli & Rachel L. Kendal & Kimberley Hockings, 2019. "Cultural change in animals: a flexible behavioural adaptation to human disturbance," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 5(1), pages 1-9, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Zhiyong Zhang & Xiaodie Song & Yongqiang Shi, 2023. "Evolutionary Game Analysis of Behavior Strategies of Multiple Stakeholders in an Elderly Care Service System," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-22, February.

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