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Sociability interacts with temporal environmental variation to spatially structure metapopulations: A fish dispersal simulation in an ephemeral landscape

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  • Blanchard, Jesse R.
  • Santos, Rolando O.
  • Rehage, Jennifer S.

Abstract

Metapopulation structure emerges from the dispersal of individuals among spatially distinct patches across a low-quality matrix. While dispersing agents are typically modeled as functionally identical with limited, linear and non-directional dispersal, field studies argue for the incorporation of intraspecific trait variation, such as behavioral, into the modeling of dispersal. Individual personality is of growing interest as a trait that affects dispersal metrics yet remains understudied at large, field-relevant spatial scales. Here, we used an individual-based model to investigate the influence of sociability, a personality-type known to be linked to density-dependent dispersal decisions, on a metapopulation at the individual, local and regional scales. As personality dependent dispersal is temporally dependent, we also examined how emergent properties of the metapopulation varied across two dispersal scenarios: long and short dispersal windows. Overall, our results support the growing evidence that individual personalities can significantly structure metapopulations in both space and time, through negative relationships between sociability and dispersal distance and positive relationships between sociability and patch density. However, we also demonstrate the effects of personality are limited by environmental factors. At the larger spatial scales of our model, patch density as a function of distance from source, and proportion of the landscape occupied were more strongly influenced by the dispersal window than by the personality. Using these results, we derive hypotheses to be examined in future empirical research. As the climate continues to shift, and dispersal models are updated to reflect ever changing conditions, these results suggest individual personality types and the personality type by environment interaction should be considered to accurately reflect dispersal and manage valuable metasystems.

Suggested Citation

  • Blanchard, Jesse R. & Santos, Rolando O. & Rehage, Jennifer S., 2021. "Sociability interacts with temporal environmental variation to spatially structure metapopulations: A fish dispersal simulation in an ephemeral landscape," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 443(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecomod:v:443:y:2021:i:c:s0304380021000302
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2021.109458
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Proulx, Catherine L. & Proulx, Lorraine & Blouin-Demers, Gabriel, 2013. "Improving the realism of random walk movement analyses through the incorporation of habitat bias," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 269(C), pages 18-20.
    2. Pais, Miguel Pessanha & Cabral, Henrique N., 2017. "Fish behaviour effects on the accuracy and precision of underwater visual census surveys. A virtual ecologist approach using an individual-based model," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 346(C), pages 58-69.
    3. Emelia Myles-Gonzalez & Gary Burness & Stan Yavno & Anna Rooke & Michael G. Fox, 2015. "To boldly go where no goby has gone before: boldness, dispersal tendency, and metabolism at the invasion front," Behavioral Ecology, International Society for Behavioral Ecology, vol. 26(4), pages 1083-1090.
    4. Joke Maes & Raoul Van Damme & Erik Matthysen, 2013. "Individual and among-population variation in dispersal-related traits in Natterjack toads," Behavioral Ecology, International Society for Behavioral Ecology, vol. 24(2), pages 521-531.
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    1. Nothaaß, Dorian & Taubert, Franziska & Huth, Andreas & Clark, Adam Thomas, 2023. "Modelling species invasion using a metapopulation model with variable mortality and stochastic birth-death processes," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 481(C).

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