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Modeling the vegetation–atmosphere carbon dioxide and water vapor interactions along a controlled CO2 gradient

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  • Manzoni, Stefano
  • Katul, Gabriel
  • Fay, Philip A.
  • Polley, H. Wayne
  • Porporato, Amilcare

Abstract

Ecosystem functioning is intimately linked to its physical environment by complex two-way interactions. These two-way interactions arise because vegetation both responds to the external environment and actively regulates its micro-environment. By altering stomatal aperture, and therefore the transpiration rate, plants modify soil moisture and atmospheric humidity and these same physical variables, in return, modify stomatal conductance. Relationships between biotic and abiotic components are particularly strong in closed, managed environments such as greenhouses and growth chambers, which are used extensively to investigate ecosystem responses to climatic drivers. Model-assisted designs that account for the physiological dynamics governing two-way interactions between biotic and abiotic components are absent from many ecological studies. Here, a general model of the vegetation–atmosphere system in closed environments is proposed. The model accounts for the linked carbon–water physiology, the turbulent transport processes, and the energy and radiative transfer within the vegetation. Leaf gas exchange is modeled using a carbon gain optimization approach that is coupled to leaf energy balance. The turbulent transport within the canopy is modeled in two-dimensions using first-order closure principles. The model is applied to the Lysimeter CO2 Gradient (LYCOG) facility, wherein a continuous gradient of atmospheric CO2 is maintained on grassland assemblages using an elongated chamber where the micro-climate is regulated by variation in air flow rates. The model is employed to investigate how species composition, climatic conditions, and the imposed air flow rate affect the CO2 concentration gradient within the LYCOG and the canopy micro-climate. The sensitivity of the model to key physiological and climatic parameters allows it to be used not only to manage current experiments, but also to formulate novel ecological hypotheses (e.g., by modeling climatic regimes not currently employed in LYCOG) and suggest alternative experimental designs and operational strategies for such facilities.

Suggested Citation

  • Manzoni, Stefano & Katul, Gabriel & Fay, Philip A. & Polley, H. Wayne & Porporato, Amilcare, 2011. "Modeling the vegetation–atmosphere carbon dioxide and water vapor interactions along a controlled CO2 gradient," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 222(3), pages 653-665.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecomod:v:222:y:2011:i:3:p:653-665
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2010.10.016
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Singh, Gurpreet & Singh, Parm Pal & Lubana, Prit Pal Singh & Singh, K.G., 2006. "Formulation and validation of a mathematical model of the microclimate of a greenhouse," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 31(10), pages 1541-1560.
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    1. Hata, Yoshiaki & Kumagai, Tomo'omi & Shimizu, Takanori & Miyazawa, Yoshiyuki, 2023. "Implications of seasonal changes in photosynthetic traits and leaf area index for canopy CO2 and H2O fluxes in a Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) plantation," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 477(C).
    2. J. Ben-Asher & A. Garcia y Garcia & I. Flitcroft & G. Hoogenboom, 2013. "Effect of atmospheric water vapor on photosynthesis, transpiration and canopy conductance: A case study in corn," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 59(12), pages 549-555.
    3. Kumagai, Tomo’omi & Mudd, Ryan G. & Miyazawa, Yoshiyuki & Liu, Wen & Giambelluca, Thomas W. & Kobayashi, Nakako & Lim, Tiva Khan & Jomura, Mayuko & Matsumoto, Kazuho & Huang, Maoyi & Chen, Qi & Ziegle, 2013. "Simulation of canopy CO2/H2O fluxes for a rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) plantation in central Cambodia: The effect of the regular spacing of planted trees," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 265(C), pages 124-135.
    4. Muñoz, Estefanía & Ochoa, Andrés & Poveda, Germán & Rodríguez-Iturbe, Ignacio, 2020. "Probabilistic soil moisture dynamics of water- and energy-limited ecosystems," Earth Arxiv au4tb, Center for Open Science.

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