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Local interactions between predators and prey call into question commonly used functional responses

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  • Okuyama, Toshinori

Abstract

Commonly used functional response models (Holling’s type I and type II models) assume that the encounter rate of a predator increases linearly with prey density, provided that the predator is searching for prey. In other other words, aN (a is the baseline encounter rate and N is prey density) describes the encounter rate. This study examined whether the models are adequate when predators and prey interact locally by using a spatially explicit individual based model because local interactions affect the spatial distribution of predators and prey, which also affects the encounter rate. Predators were assumed to possess a spatial perception range that influenced their foraging behavior (e.g., if a prey is in the perception range, the predator moves towards the prey). The effect of antipredator behavior by prey was also examined. The results suggest that prey and predator densities as well as handling time affect the baseline rate (i.e., parameter a) as opposed to the common assumption that the parameter is constant. The nature of model deviations depended on both the antipredator behavior and the predators’ perception range. Understanding these deviations is important as they qualitatively affect community dynamics.

Suggested Citation

  • Okuyama, Toshinori, 2009. "Local interactions between predators and prey call into question commonly used functional responses," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 220(9), pages 1182-1188.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecomod:v:220:y:2009:i:9:p:1182-1188
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.02.010
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Matthijs Vos & Lia Hemerik, 2003. "Linking foraging behavior to lifetime reproductive success for an insect parasitoid: adaptation to host distributions," Behavioral Ecology, International Society for Behavioral Ecology, vol. 14(2), pages 236-245, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Vincenot, Christian Ernest & Giannino, Francesco & Rietkerk, Max & Moriya, Kazuyuki & Mazzoleni, Stefano, 2011. "Theoretical considerations on the combined use of System Dynamics and individual-based modeling in ecology," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 222(1), pages 210-218.
    2. Caron-Lormier, Geoffrey & Bohan, David A. & Dye, Richard & Hawes, Cathy & Humphry, Roger W. & Raybould, Alan, 2011. "Modelling an ecosystem: The example of agro-ecosystems," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 222(5), pages 1163-1173.
    3. Okuyama, Toshinori, 2011. "Individual variation in prey choice in a predator–prey community," Theoretical Population Biology, Elsevier, vol. 79(3), pages 64-69.
    4. Livi, Carmen Maria & Jordán, Ferenc & Lecca, Paola & Okey, Thomas A., 2011. "Identifying key species in ecosystems with stochastic sensitivity analysis," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 222(14), pages 2542-2551.

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