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Two centuries of global financial market integration: Equities, government bonds, treasury bills, and currencies

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  • Zaremba, Adam
  • Kambouris, George D.
  • Karathanasopoulos, Andreas

Abstract

We perform the longest and broadest study of time variation in global financial market integration ever conducted. Using a unique comprehensive dataset, we examine returns on equities, government bonds, treasury bills, and currencies in 83 countries through a period of almost two centuries. The study discloses that the integration progresses in peaks and troughs instead of linearly. Although the post-2000 markets exhibit the strongest integration in history, certain asset classes in 1860 and 1930 recorded comparable levels. The high degree of current integration is a result of the surge that commenced as recently as 1970, rather than a consequence of a multi-century gradual process.

Suggested Citation

  • Zaremba, Adam & Kambouris, George D. & Karathanasopoulos, Andreas, 2019. "Two centuries of global financial market integration: Equities, government bonds, treasury bills, and currencies," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 26-29.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecolet:v:182:y:2019:i:c:p:26-29
    DOI: 10.1016/j.econlet.2019.05.043
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Donadelli, M. & Gufler, I. & Paradiso, A., 2024. "Financial market integration: A complex and controversial journey," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 92(C).
    2. Stereńczak, Szymon & Zaremba, Adam & Umar, Zaghum, 2020. "Is there an illiquidity premium in frontier markets?," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 42(C).
    3. Zaremba, Adam & Umar, Zaghum & Mikutowski, Mateusz, 2021. "Commodity financialisation and price co-movement: Lessons from two centuries of evidence," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 38(C).
    4. Laurens Swinkels, 2019. "Treasury Bond Return Data Starting in 1962," Data, MDPI, vol. 4(3), pages 1-6, June.
    5. Umutlu, Mehmet & Bengitöz, Pelin, 2020. "The cross-section of industry equity returns and global tactical asset allocation across regions and industries," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    6. Michael Donadelli & Ivan Gufler, 2021. "Consumption smoothing, risk sharing and financial integration," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 44(1), pages 143-187, January.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Financial market integration; Global markets; Factor analysis; Early asset data;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F15 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Economic Integration
    • F36 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Financial Aspects of Economic Integration
    • G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets

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