A novel way for microvascular network pattern formation based on a pre-pattern guidance mechanism

The microvascular network is a vital tissue structure in animals, and its high spatial utilization of reticular pattern structure is an essential guarantee for material exchange and nutrient transmission, which is crucial for tissue development, maintenance of metabolism and other life activities. However, the formation process of microvascular network pattern completion is still unclear. Based on Turing reaction-diffusion theory, this study introduces a way for generating microvascular network patterns guided by morphogen pre-patterns within a matrix environment. This approach realizes network patterns at three levels: morphogen networks at the molecular level, differentiated cell networks at the cellular level, and vascular networks influenced by the matrix environment at the tissue level. Thus, the study elucidates a complete process of microvascular network formation spanning from molecular to cellular to tissue levels and investigates parameter conditions conducive to microvascular network pattern formation. The method of network pattern formation introduced in this paper offers a new research angle for investigating the development of reticular pattern structures and related pathological studies in the biomedical field.