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Vortex solitons in Rydberg-excited Bose-Einstein condensates with rotating PT-symmetric azimuthal potentials

Author

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  • Xu, Si-Liu
  • Wu, Tong
  • Hu, Heng-Jie
  • He, Jun-Rong
  • Zhao, Yuan
  • Fan, Zhuo

Abstract

We propose a scheme for the creation of stable two-dimensional vortex solitons in Rydberg-excited Bose-Einstein Condensates with rotating PT-symmetric azimuthal potentials. In contrast to vortices in static nonlinear Rydberg systems, the newly discovered vortex solitons with opposite topological charges display distinct characteristics attributed to the rotation frequency and the non-equivalence of the gain/loss distribution along the azimuthal direction. We find that such system features the rare property that clockwise and anticlockwise vortex states are nonequivalent. The longitudinal twist plays a key role in stabilizing the vortex solitons with finite topological charges, whereas vortex solitons with higher topological charges have much smaller stable domains. The introduction of long-range Rydberg interaction leads to a reduction in the norm of multi-core vortex solitons in the Bose-Einstein Condensates system. In general, we bridge symmetric vortex solitons with different topological charges by changes in the potential strength, non-local interaction strength, and rotation frequency.

Suggested Citation

  • Xu, Si-Liu & Wu, Tong & Hu, Heng-Jie & He, Jun-Rong & Zhao, Yuan & Fan, Zhuo, 2024. "Vortex solitons in Rydberg-excited Bose-Einstein condensates with rotating PT-symmetric azimuthal potentials," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:chsofr:v:184:y:2024:i:c:s0960077924005952
    DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2024.115043
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