IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v388y2025ics0306261925002879.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Sensitivity of energy storage system optimization program to the source of renewable energy in the presence of demand side management: A behind-the-meter case study

Author

Listed:
  • Manoharan, Yogesh
  • Olson, Keith
  • Headley, Alexander John

Abstract

The trend of installing renewable energy in behind-the-meter (BTM) has increased to support energy transition. Energy-saving methodologies, such as energy storage systems (ESSs) and demand side management (DSM), are available to augment renewable energies and maximize their benefits. This research examines the impact of different renewable energy sources on energy-saving strategies, system installations, and long-term planning decisions. This study presents an optimization framework to determine the Energy Storage Systems (ESS) capacity and Demand Side Management (DSM) strategies. The effect of solar and wind renewable energies on the optimization program results was compared to aid the selection of suitable renewable energy and energy-saving methodologies for an energy load profile. Renewable energy and its penetration were studied based on its impact on energy purchase, system installation size, savings, renewable curtailment, and levelized cost of storage (LCOS). ESS and DSM options are compared, and their synergies are explored to minimize energy purchases and control peak power. Furthermore, the ongoing changes in influential factors, such as electricity prices, battery costs, and roundtrip efficiency, underscore their importance in system installation planning and to maintain a realistic perspective on these parameters. Therefore, an analysis of these influential factors is conducted, serving as a sensitivity analysis for the proposed model. This shows that system estimates can triple, highlighting the necessity of realistically considering these factors to avert potential failure or loss. This study is performed on the case of the Natural Energy Laboratory of Hawaii Authority (NELHA), the world's largest multizone seawater utility. The proposed optimization framework selects suitable renewable energy and energy-saving methodologies for the considered case and is validated with the state-of-the-art tool. The proposed optimization framework in this study will support water utilities interested in installing renewable energy and energy storage systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Manoharan, Yogesh & Olson, Keith & Headley, Alexander John, 2025. "Sensitivity of energy storage system optimization program to the source of renewable energy in the presence of demand side management: A behind-the-meter case study," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 388(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:388:y:2025:i:c:s0306261925002879
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125557
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261925002879
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125557?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:388:y:2025:i:c:s0306261925002879. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.