Coordination of integrated energy systems and transportation networks for cost-effective and flexible multi-energy management

Electric vehicles (EVs) serve as a critical link between energy and transportation networks (TNs). However, previous research on TN coordination has often overlooked integrated energy systems (IESs), focusing primarily on power networks, which is unable to ensure the secure operation of IES due to the complexities arising from the conversion among various energy sources, and it does not facilitate flexible multi-energy management for the IES. Furthermore, the lack of consideration for mobile load scheduling flexibility in the TN and collaborative operations compromises overall cost-effectiveness. To this end, this study proposes a coordinated IES and TN operation model to achieve economic scheduling and flexible multi-energy management with comprehensive secure operation constraints. In particular, the constituent networks of the IES and TN are modeled individually, after which a transactive relationship model is proposed to interconnect the networks. To lower the computational intractability, several approximation and relaxation methods are proposed to reformulate the model into a mixed-integer-quadratic programming (MIQP) problem. Three case studies are conducted to examine the collaborative operation of IES and TN, demonstrating its advantages over independent operation in terms of reducing consumption and alleviating congestion for flexible multi-energy management.