Optimal scheduling for renewable power grid and vessel-based hydrogen chain integrated systems considering flexible energy transfer

The operation of existing renewable power grid and trailer-based hydrogen chain integrated system generally ignores the adjustability of energy transfer process, leading to unsatisfactory results. To address the problem, a flexible energy transfer strategy for integrated electric‑hydrogen systems with hydrogen vessels (HVs) is proposed in this paper. First, the continuous adjustability of working time (i.e., transiting and berthing time) of HVs is reasonably modelled without relying on fixed scheduling step. Meanwhile, both the controllability of the transmission line components and the role of overlying ice in enhancing the line thermal stability are analyzed. Additionally, a value assessment model for flexible energy transfer is developed which considers time-related fees (e.g., HV berthing fees) and frequency-related fees (e.g., HV tying/untying fees) of hydrogen transportation, the melting ice value of line power heating, power reserve costs and generation costs. On this basis, an energy scheduling strategy is designed for integrated electric‑hydrogen systems to minimize daily operating costs. This scheduling model is first linearized as a mixed-integer linear programming problem and then solved efficiently using decomposition method. Finally, case studies on a modified IEEE-RTS79 power system and river network in Jiangsu Province verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.