IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v359y2024ics0306261924000515.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Relationship between feature importance and building characteristics for heating load predictions

Author

Listed:
  • Neubauer, Alexander
  • Brandt, Stefan
  • Kriegel, Martin

Abstract

The use of machine learning in building technology has become increasingly important in recent years. One of the applications is heating load prediction, which enables demand-side flexibility. Most studies consider the heating load prediction without sufficient context with the existing building characteristics. For an accurate load prediction, suitable features have to be selected according to their importance, the feature importance (FI). The scope of this paper is to investigate whether there is a relationship between the building characteristics and the FI and if so, how strong this relationship is. Additionally, an analysis has been conducted to determine which building characteristic have the most significant impact on FI. For this purpose, a full factorial design of a room with six different building characteristics is carried out. In total, the heating load is calculated for 15552 room variants. The thermal balance, correlation, random forest FI, permutation FI and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values are calculated for these different rooms. The local SHAP values were used to explain the model. These values also provide insight into the interaction of individual features with the heating load. For most variants, the outdoor temperature had the highest FI. It is investigated which building characteristics have the greatest influence on the thermal balance, correlation, FI and SHAP values. A relationship was found between the proportion of thermal balance, the correlation between the features and the label as well as the FI. The greatest association with the thermal balance characteristics was found for the SHAP values. The study shows the systematic relationship between building characteristics and FI. Therefore, FI should always be considered in the context of building characteristics.

Suggested Citation

  • Neubauer, Alexander & Brandt, Stefan & Kriegel, Martin, 2024. "Relationship between feature importance and building characteristics for heating load predictions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 359(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:359:y:2024:i:c:s0306261924000515
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.122668
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261924000515
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.122668?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wang, Zhe & Hong, Tianzhen & Piette, Mary Ann, 2020. "Building thermal load prediction through shallow machine learning and deep learning," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(C).
    2. Fan, Cheng & Xiao, Fu & Wang, Shengwei, 2014. "Development of prediction models for next-day building energy consumption and peak power demand using data mining techniques," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 1-10.
    3. Zhang, Liang & Wen, Jin & Li, Yanfei & Chen, Jianli & Ye, Yunyang & Fu, Yangyang & Livingood, William, 2021. "A review of machine learning in building load prediction," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 285(C).
    4. Deb, Chirag & Dai, Zhonghao & Schlueter, Arno, 2021. "A machine learning-based framework for cost-optimal building retrofit," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 294(C).
    5. van Zyl, Corne & Ye, Xianming & Naidoo, Raj, 2024. "Harnessing eXplainable artificial intelligence for feature selection in time series energy forecasting: A comparative analysis of Grad-CAM and SHAP," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 353(PA).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Li, Guannan & Wu, Yubei & Yoon, Sungmin & Fang, Xi, 2024. "Comprehensive transferability assessment of short-term cross-building-energy prediction using deep adversarial network transfer learning," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 299(C).
    2. Sabina Kordana-Obuch & Mariusz Starzec & Beata Piotrowska, 2024. "Harnessing Artificial Neural Networks for Financial Analysis of Investments in a Shower Heat Exchanger," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-24, July.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Venkatraj, V. & Dixit, M.K., 2022. "Challenges in implementing data-driven approaches for building life cycle energy assessment: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 160(C).
    2. Yuwen You & Zhonghua Wang & Zhihao Liu & Chunmei Guo & Bin Yang, 2024. "Load Prediction of Regional Heat Exchange Station Based on Fuzzy Clustering Based on Fourier Distance and Convolutional Neural Network–Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Network," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-19, August.
    3. Joanna Piotrowska-Woroniak & Tomasz Szul, 2022. "Application of a Model Based on Rough Set Theory (RST) to Estimate the Energy Efficiency of Public Buildings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-13, November.
    4. Li, Guannan & Wu, Yubei & Yoon, Sungmin & Fang, Xi, 2024. "Comprehensive transferability assessment of short-term cross-building-energy prediction using deep adversarial network transfer learning," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 299(C).
    5. Li, Sihui & Peng, Jinqing & Zou, Bin & Li, Bojia & Lu, Chujie & Cao, Jingyu & Luo, Yimo & Ma, Tao, 2021. "Zero energy potential of photovoltaic direct-driven air conditioners with considering the load flexibility of air conditioners," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
    6. Zhou, Xinlei & Lin, Wenye & Kumar, Ritunesh & Cui, Ping & Ma, Zhenjun, 2022. "A data-driven strategy using long short term memory models and reinforcement learning to predict building electricity consumption," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 306(PB).
    7. Liu, Che & Li, Fan & Zhang, Chenghui & Sun, Bo & Zhang, Guanguan, 2023. "A day-ahead prediction method for high-resolution electricity consumption in residential units," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 265(C).
    8. Tomasz Szul & Sylwester Tabor & Krzysztof Pancerz, 2021. "Application of the BORUTA Algorithm to Input Data Selection for a Model Based on Rough Set Theory (RST) to Prediction Energy Consumption for Building Heating," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-13, May.
    9. Liang, Xinbin & Chen, Siliang & Zhu, Xu & Jin, Xinqiao & Du, Zhimin, 2023. "Domain knowledge decomposition of building energy consumption and a hybrid data-driven model for 24-h ahead predictions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 344(C).
    10. Razak Olu-Ajayi & Hafiz Alaka & Hakeem Owolabi & Lukman Akanbi & Sikiru Ganiyu, 2023. "Data-Driven Tools for Building Energy Consumption Prediction: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-20, March.
    11. Li, Guannan & Li, Fan & Ahmad, Tanveer & Liu, Jiangyan & Li, Tao & Fang, Xi & Wu, Yubei, 2022. "Performance evaluation of sequence-to-sequence-Attention model for short-term multi-step ahead building energy predictions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
    12. Kyoungcheol Oh & Eui-Jong Kim & Chang-Young Park, 2022. "A Physical Model-Based Data-Driven Approach to Overcome Data Scarcity and Predict Building Energy Consumption," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-14, August.
    13. Elsisi, Mahmoud & Amer, Mohammed & Dababat, Alya’ & Su, Chun-Lien, 2023. "A comprehensive review of machine learning and IoT solutions for demand side energy management, conservation, and resilient operation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 281(C).
    14. Manuel Jaramillo & Wilson Pavón & Lisbeth Jaramillo, 2024. "Adaptive Forecasting in Energy Consumption: A Bibliometric Analysis and Review," Data, MDPI, vol. 9(1), pages 1-23, January.
    15. Zhang, Xu & Sun, Yongjun & Gao, Dian-ce & Zou, Wenke & Fu, Jianping & Ma, Xiaowen, 2022. "Similarity-based grouping method for evaluation and optimization of dataset structure in machine-learning based short-term building cooling load prediction without measurable occupancy information," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 327(C).
    16. Wang, Zeyu & Liu, Jian & Zhang, Yuanxin & Yuan, Hongping & Zhang, Ruixue & Srinivasan, Ravi S., 2021. "Practical issues in implementing machine-learning models for building energy efficiency: Moving beyond obstacles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    17. Li, Tian & Bie, Haipei & Lu, Yi & Sawyer, Azadeh Omidfar & Loftness, Vivian, 2024. "MEBA: AI-powered precise building monthly energy benchmarking approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 359(C).
    18. Ibrahim Ali Kachalla & Christian Ghiaus, 2024. "Electric Water Boiler Energy Prediction: State-of-the-Art Review of Influencing Factors, Techniques, and Future Directions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-32, January.
    19. Xiaoyu Lin & Hang Yu & Meng Wang & Chaoen Li & Zi Wang & Yin Tang, 2021. "Electricity Consumption Forecast of High-Rise Office Buildings Based on the Long Short-Term Memory Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-21, August.
    20. Lu, Chujie & Li, Sihui & Reddy Penaka, Santhan & Olofsson, Thomas, 2023. "Automated machine learning-based framework of heating and cooling load prediction for quick residential building design," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 274(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:359:y:2024:i:c:s0306261924000515. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.