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Combined cycling and calendar capacity fade modeling of a Nickel-Manganese-Cobalt Oxide Cell with real-life profile validation

Author

Listed:
  • de Hoog, Joris
  • Timmermans, Jean-Marc
  • Ioan-Stroe, Daniel
  • Swierczynski, Maciej
  • Jaguemont, Joris
  • Goutam, Shovon
  • Omar, Noshin
  • Van Mierlo, Joeri
  • Van Den Bossche, Peter

Abstract

This paper presents the development of a semi-empirical combined lifetime model for a Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC) cathode and a graphite anode based cell, considered as one of the most promising candidates for the automotive industry. The development of this model was based on a thorough understanding of the degradation behavior of a 20-Ah NMC cell, based on the analysis of the results of an extensive test-matrix using 146 cells. This test-matrix was designed around four impact factors: temperature (25–45°C), Depth-of-Discharge (100–20% DoD), middle State-of-Charge (80–20% Mid-SoC) and current rates (C/3 to 2C). Gathering sufficient data for a mathematical model requires a huge time-investment, and the measurements gathered over the course of 2.5years offer a unique insight in the aging behavior of the NMC cells used in this study. Experimental results for cycling aging indicated that the capacity loss was strongly affected by the Depth-of-Discharge and temperature. For calendar aging, an initial increase in capacity was observed when stored at low State-of-Charges, due to electrochemical milling, while the deterioration of the capacity was affected most by high storage State-Of-Charges and storage temperatures. The developed combined lifetime model showed an error of less than 5% RMS compared to the measurement results after a Worldwide harmonized Light vehicles Test (WLTC) was applied for 18months.

Suggested Citation

  • de Hoog, Joris & Timmermans, Jean-Marc & Ioan-Stroe, Daniel & Swierczynski, Maciej & Jaguemont, Joris & Goutam, Shovon & Omar, Noshin & Van Mierlo, Joeri & Van Den Bossche, Peter, 2017. "Combined cycling and calendar capacity fade modeling of a Nickel-Manganese-Cobalt Oxide Cell with real-life profile validation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C), pages 47-61.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:200:y:2017:i:c:p:47-61
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.018
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