IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/agiwat/v98y2011i10p1536-1544.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Flow through sharp-crested rectangular side orifices under free flow condition in open channels

Author

Listed:
  • Hussain, A.
  • Ahmad, Z.
  • Asawa, G.L.

Abstract

Side orifices are widely used in irrigation and environmental engineering to spill or divert water from a channel. Flow characteristic of sharp-crested rectangular orifices under free flow condition in open channels is studied in the present paper. Existing discharge equations are checked for their accuracy using the data collected in the present study and available data in the literature and a new discharge equation has been proposed. The coefficient of discharge mainly depends on the approach flow Froude number and ratio of the size of orifice and bed width of the channel. Relationships for the coefficient of discharge, treating the orifice as large and small were developed. The computed discharges using these relationships were within ±5% of the observed ones. Measurement of three-dimensional velocities and visualisation of streamlines in a horizontal plane at the centerline of the orifice indicates that for the flow of low Froude number, almost all the streamlines divert towards the orifice. However, in the case of high Froude number flows, only those streamlines which are close to the side orifice are diverted towards the orifice. The opposite side of the boundary has significant effect on the diverted discharge of low Froude number compared to the flow of high Froude number. Circular orifice has been found to be more efficient compared to the rectangular orifice of the same opening area.

Suggested Citation

  • Hussain, A. & Ahmad, Z. & Asawa, G.L., 2011. "Flow through sharp-crested rectangular side orifices under free flow condition in open channels," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 98(10), pages 1536-1544, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:98:y:2011:i:10:p:1536-1544
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378377411001107
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Amaral, Luis G.H. do & Righes, Afranio A. & Filho, Paulo da S. e Souza & Costa, Rafael Dalla, 2005. "Automatic regulator for channel flow control on flooded rice," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 75(3), pages 184-193, July.
    2. Kra, E.Y. & Merkley, G.P., 2004. "Mathematical modeling of open-channel velocity profiles for float method calibration," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 70(3), pages 229-244, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.

      Corrections

      All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:98:y:2011:i:10:p:1536-1544. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

      If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

      If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

      If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

      For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/agwat .

      Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

      IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.