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Study and comparison of color models for automatic image analysis in irrigation management applications

Author

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  • García-Mateos, G.
  • Hernández-Hernández, J.L.
  • Escarabajal-Henarejos, D.
  • Jaén-Terrones, S.
  • Molina-Martínez, J.M.

Abstract

Image processing and computer vision are increasingly being used in water management applications in agriculture. Images can provide valuable information on the percentage of ground cover, which is essential in determining crop irrigation needs. Techniques based on color analysis allow classifying accurately and efficiently soil/plant regions in the images. Many color spaces have been proposed, among them: RGB, rgb, XYZ, L*a*b*, L*u*v*, HSV, HLS, YCrCb, YUV, I1I2I3 and TSL. Different possibilities to model the probability distribution of a given color class appear for each space; one of the most widespread non-parametric methods is modeling using histograms. This presents various alternatives in order to represent a color class: the number of channels, which channels to use, and the size of histograms. Using a wide and varied set of images of lettuce crops (Lactuca sativa)—previously classified manually in soil and plant pixels—a comprehensive analysis and comparison of the proposed color models has been conducted for the soil/plant classification problem. The experimental results demonstrate the superiority of models that separate luminance from chrominance. In particular, L*a*b* provides the best results with a* channel, producing a 99.2% of correct classification. Further processing stages improve this performance up to 99.5% accuracy, taking less than 1/3 of a second per image in a normal laptop. These results can be applied to reduce water consumption by optimizing the accuracy and efficiency of automatic image analysis of crops.

Suggested Citation

  • García-Mateos, G. & Hernández-Hernández, J.L. & Escarabajal-Henarejos, D. & Jaén-Terrones, S. & Molina-Martínez, J.M., 2015. "Study and comparison of color models for automatic image analysis in irrigation management applications," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 158-166.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:151:y:2015:i:c:p:158-166
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2014.08.010
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    1. Escarabajal-Henarejos, D. & Molina-Martínez, J.M. & Fernández-Pacheco, D.G. & García-Mateos, G., 2015. "Methodology for obtaining prediction models of the root depth of lettuce for its application in irrigation automation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 167-173.
    2. Campos, Isidro & Neale, Christopher M.U. & Calera, Alfonso & Balbontín, Claudio & González-Piqueras, Jose, 2010. "Assessing satellite-based basal crop coefficients for irrigated grapes (Vitis vinifera L.)," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 98(1), pages 45-54, December.
    3. López-Urrea, R. & Martín de Santa Olalla, F. & Montoro, A. & López-Fuster, P., 2009. "Single and dual crop coefficients and water requirements for onion (Allium cepa L.) under semiarid conditions," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 96(6), pages 1031-1036, June.
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    3. Vasilenko, Alexandr & Ulman, Miloš, 2015. "Concept of Horticulture Ambient Intelligence System," AGRIS on-line Papers in Economics and Informatics, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Economics and Management, vol. 7(4), pages 1-8, December.
    4. González-Esquiva, J.M. & García-Mateos, G. & Escarabajal-Henarejos, D. & Hernández-Hernández, J.L. & Ruiz-Canales, A. & Molina-Martínez, J.M., 2017. "A new model for water balance estimation on lettuce crops using effective diameter obtained with image analysis," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 116-122.
    5. Jiajun Lai & Yun Liang & Yingjie Kuang & Zhannan Xie & Hongyuan He & Yuxin Zhuo & Zekai Huang & Shijie Zhu & Zenghang Huang, 2023. "IO-YOLOv5: Improved Pig Detection under Various Illuminations and Heavy Occlusion," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-18, July.
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    7. Zhongao Lu & Lijun Qi & Hao Zhang & Junjie Wan & Jiarui Zhou, 2022. "Image Segmentation of UAV Fruit Tree Canopy in a Natural Illumination Environment," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-16, July.
    8. González-Esquiva, J.M. & García-Mateos, G. & Hernández-Hernández, J.L. & Ruiz-Canales, A. & Escarabajal-Henerajos, D. & Molina-Martínez, J.M., 2017. "Web application for analysis of digital photography in the estimation of irrigation requirements for lettuce crops," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 136-145.

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