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La desigualdad del ingreso y los mercados de crédito

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  • Figueroa, Aldo

Abstract

Los estudios económicos permiten identificar tres regularidades empíricas: los mercados de crédito bancario exigen garantías, funcionan con exceso de demanda y coexisten con otras formas de crédito. En los países en desarrollo, la estructura financiera la integran los sectores bancario, formal no bancario e informal. Aquí se presenta un modelo teórico que explica las tres regularidades en conjunto. Según este, la desigualdad del ingreso en la sociedad es el principal factor explicativo de esta estructura financiera dual-dual. El modelo predice la segmentación del mercado: el segmento de ingresos altos y los bancos conforman un mercado, el de ingresos medios y las entidades formales no bancarias constituyen otro y el segmento de ingresos bajos, junto con los pequeños prestamistas, integran el sector informal. Asimismo, el crédito es más oneroso en los dos últimos. Mientras la desigualdad del ingreso se mantenga elevada esta estructura financiera seguirá vigente. También se abordan las consecuencias del modelo en las políticas públicas.

Suggested Citation

  • Figueroa, Aldo, 2011. "La desigualdad del ingreso y los mercados de crédito," Revista CEPAL, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), December.
  • Handle: RePEc:ecr:col070:11513
    Note: Incluye Bibliografía
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    File URL: http://repositorio.cepal.org/handle/11362/11513
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    Cited by:

    1. Villarreal, Francisco G., 2014. "Financial Services and Household Inequality in Mexico," MPRA Paper 57075, University Library of Munich, Germany.

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