IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eaa/eerese/v21y2021i1_5.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Spanish And Europea Report 2021: Wages, Productivity, Quality Of Public Sector And Citizens Satisfaction

Author

Listed:
  • GUISAN, Maria-Carmen

Abstract

In this Report on the Economy of Spain and Europe in 2021 we include reference to some of the main problems of the Spanish economy, such as the stagnation of the average real wage and productivity in the period 1995-2021. We present a summary of the main causes of this stagnation compared to some of the main OECD countries: the United States, Germany and France. We highlight the importance of recovering the level of real industrial production per inhabitant of Spain, which has decreased especially since 2008. The difficulties of recovery, apart from the current crisis caused by the pandemic of 2020 and the shortage of some products of international trade in 2021, they are mainly due to a lack of support from the industrial policies of Spain and the European Union. This lack of support, contrary to citizen demands,elopment, is due to insufficient quality of democracy in both cases. Spain presents a level of satisfaction with the Government that is lower than the European average, and far removed from the countries with the highest level. This is due to the fact that the objectives of democracy and harmony that citizens expected from the Spanish Constitution of 1977 have deteriorated due to various errors in the Spanish electoral system that contribute to partisan tension. Spain has lost positions in economic development and quality of life, but it has human resources and the ability to improve. We highlight some of the main measures that can drive such development.

Suggested Citation

  • GUISAN, Maria-Carmen, 2021. "Spanish And Europea Report 2021: Wages, Productivity, Quality Of Public Sector And Citizens Satisfaction," Regional and Sectoral Economic Studies, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 21(1), pages 67-84.
  • Handle: RePEc:eaa:eerese:v:21:y2021:i:1_5
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.usc.es/~economet/reviews/eers2115.pdf
    Download Restriction: No.
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Nicholas Charron & Victor Lapuente & Paola Annoni, 2019. "Measuring quality of government in EU regions across space and time," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 98(5), pages 1925-1953, October.
    2. Guisan, M.Carmen, 2002. "La industria en España y en la OCDE, 1960-2000," Regional and Sectoral Economic Studies, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 2(2), pages 85-100.
    3. Guisan, M.C., 2006. "Industry, Foreign Trade and Development: Econometric Models of Europe and North America, 1965-2003," International Journal of Applied Econometrics and Quantitative Studies, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 3(1), pages 5-30.
    4. Guisan, M.C. & Exposito, P., 2018. "Economic Development Problems And Crisis In The European Union, 2005-2015," Applied Econometrics and International Development, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 18(1), pages 23-34.
    5. M. Carmen Guisan, 2006. "El impacto de la industria y del comercio exterior sobre el desarrollo de los sectores no industriales: Modelos econométricos de la UE, OCDE, Asia, África y otras áreas, 1965-2003," Economic Development 94, University of Santiago de Compostela. Faculty of Economics and Business. Econometrics..
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Jonathan Muringani & Rune Dahl Fitjar & Andres Rodriguez-Pose, 2024. "Political trust and economic development in European regions," Papers in Evolutionary Economic Geography (PEEG) 2435, Utrecht University, Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Group Economic Geography, revised Oct 2024.
    2. Javier Barbero & Ernesto Rodríguez-Crespo, 2022. "Technological, institutional, and geographical peripheries: regional development and risk of poverty in the European regions," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 69(2), pages 311-332, October.
    3. Andrés Rodríguez‐Pose & Chiara Burlina, 2021. "Institutions and the uneven geography of the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic," Journal of Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 61(4), pages 728-752, September.
    4. Rubini, Lauretta & Pollio, Chiara & Spigarelli, Francesca & Lv, Ping, 2021. "Regional social context and FDI. An empirical investigation on Chinese acquisitions in Europe," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 402-415.
    5. Alfano, Vincenzo, 2024. "Unlocking the importance of perceived governance: The impact on COVID-19 in NUTS-2 European regions," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 343(C).
    6. Alice Medioli & Pier Luigi Marchini & Tatiana Mazza, 2024. "The impact of corruption and public governance quality on family firm business strategy," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 33(1), pages 55-69, January.
    7. Focacci, Chiara Natalie & Kovac, Mitja & Spruk, Rok, 2023. "Ethnolinguistic diversity, quality of local public institutions, and firm-level innovation," International Review of Law and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 75(C).
    8. Duch-Brown, Néstor & Rossetti, Fiammetta, 2020. "Digital platforms across the European regional energy markets," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    9. Sara Amoroso & Benedikt Herrmann & Alexander S. Kritikos, 2023. "The Role of Regulation and Regional Government Quality for High Growth Firms: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 2053, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    10. Costanza Giannantoni & Andres Rodriguez-Pose, 2024. "Regional government institutions and the capacity for women to reconcile career and motherhood," Papers in Evolutionary Economic Geography (PEEG) 2435, Utrecht University, Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Group Economic Geography, revised Oct 2024.
    11. André Spithoven & Bruno Merlevede, 2023. "The productivity impact of R&D and FDI spillovers: characterising regional path development," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 48(2), pages 560-590, April.
    12. Nicholas Charron & Niklas Harring & Victor Lapuente, 2021. "Trust, regulation, and redistribution why some governments overregulate and under‐redistribute," Regulation & Governance, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 15(1), pages 3-16, January.
    13. Tselios, Vassilis & Rodríguez-Pose, Andrés, 2022. "Can decentralisation help address poverty and social exclusion in Europe?," CEPR Discussion Papers 17471, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    14. Leendertse, Jip & Schrijvers, Mirella & Stam, Erik, 2022. "Measure Twice, Cut Once: Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Metrics," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 51(9).
    15. Tselios, Vassilis & Rodriguez-Pose, Andres, 2022. "Can decentralization help address poverty and social exclusion in Europe?," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 115545, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    16. Andrés Rodríguez-Pose & Lewis Dijkstra & Hugo Poelman, 2024. "The Geography of EU Discontent and the Regional Development Trap," Economic Geography, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 100(3), pages 213-245, May.
    17. Monika Bauhr & Nicholas Charron, 2024. "Europe around the corner? How border proximity and quality of government explains European identity," European Union Politics, , vol. 25(2), pages 376-395, June.
    18. Andrés Rodríguez-Pose & Vinko Muštra, 2022. "The economic returns of decentralisation: Government quality and the role of space," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 54(8), pages 1604-1622, November.
    19. Maria Teresa Balaguer‐Coll & Isabel Narbón‐Perpiñá & Jesús Peiró‐Palomino & Emili Tortosa‐Ausina, 2022. "Quality of government and economic growth at the municipal level: Evidence from Spain," Journal of Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 62(1), pages 96-124, January.
    20. Mindaugas Butkus & Alma Maciulyte-Sniukiene & Kristina Matuzeviciute, 2020. "Heterogeneous growth outcomes of the EU’s regional financial support mediated by institutions with some empirical evidences at NUTS 3 level," Review of Regional Research: Jahrbuch für Regionalwissenschaft, Springer;Gesellschaft für Regionalforschung (GfR), vol. 40(1), pages 33-66, April.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Spanish Economy 1950-2020; Productivity by sector; Comparisons of Spain and OECD countries; Spanish Regional Development Report 2021.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L52 - Industrial Organization - - Regulation and Industrial Policy - - - Industrial Policy; Sectoral Planning Methods
    • O18 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Urban, Rural, Regional, and Transportation Analysis; Housing; Infrastructure
    • O41 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - One, Two, and Multisector Growth Models
    • O52 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Europe

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eaa:eerese:v:21:y2021:i:1_5. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: M. Carmen Guisan (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.usc.es/economet/eaa.htm .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.